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2002: Den Boer Jacques A; Bourland Joe D; Nyenhuis John A; Ham Cornelis L G; Engels Johan M L; Hebrank Franz X; Frese Georg; Schaefer Daniel J
Comparison of the threshold for peripheral nerve stimulation during gradient switching in whole body MR systems.
Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI 2002;15(5):520-5.
PURPOSE: To compare thresholds for peripheral nerve stimulation from gradient switching in whole body magnetic resonance (MR) equipment of different design. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Threshold data obtained in three experiments were reformatted into a single joint data set describing thresholds for anterio-posterior (AP) gradient orientation and Echo Planar Imaging (EPI) waveforms with bipolar ramp times between 0.07 and 1.2 ms. Reformatting included the use of: a) the rate of change of the maximum field in the patient space as a measure of gradient output, b) lowest observable thresholds, c) lognormal distribution of thresholds, and d) equal standard deviation (SD) of all samples. RESULTS: The joint data fit a hyperbolic threshold function. The residues were not significantly different between experiments. CONCLUSION: Then expressed in appropriate format, the thresholds for peripheral nerve stimulation in volunteers for whole body MR equipment can be described with a hyperbolic threshold curve with rheobase 18.8 +/- 0.6 Tesla/second and chronaxie 0.36 +/- 0.02 milliseconds.

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