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2008: Park Sung Kyun; O'Neill Marie S; Vokonas Pantel S; Sparrow David; Spiro Avron; Tucker Katherine L; Suh Helen; Hu Howard; Schwartz Joel
Traffic-related particles are associated with elevated homocysteine: the VA normative aging study.
American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine 2008;178(3):283-9.
RATIONALE: Recent epidemiologic studies have shown that homocysteine, a sulfur-containing amino acid formed during the metabolism of methionine, is a risk factor for atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, stroke, and thrombosis. Particulate air pollution has been related to cardiovascular death and hospital admission, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully elucidated. OBJECTIVES: We examined the associations between ambient particulate air pollution and plasma concentrations of homocysteine among 960 community-residing older men (mean age, 73.6 +/- 6.9 yr). METHODS: Total homocysteine in plasma, measured using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection, was regressed on each ambient particulate pollutant (black carbon, organic carbon, sulfate or PM(2.5)), and effect modification by plasma and dietary B vitamins (folate, B6, and B12) was examined. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The median concentration of total homocysteine was 10.6 micromol/L. Statistically significant positive associations of total homocysteine were observed with traffic-related particles (black carbon and organic carbon). No association was observed with sulfate, an indicator of coal combustion particles, or PM(2.5) (particulate matter < or = 2.5 microm in aerodynamic diameter). The effects of black carbon and organic carbon were more pronounced in persons with low concentrations of plasma folate and vitamin B12. CONCLUSIONS: Exposures to ambient particles, particularly from traffic, are associated with elevated plasma total homocysteine. Homocysteine may be a component or biological marker of the oxidation pathways underlying the effect of ambient particles on the cardiovascular system.

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