Paul Torrence

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Zhang Xinying; Amer Adel; Fan Xuesen; Balzarini Jan; Neyts Johan; De Clercq Erik; Prichard Mark; Kern Earl; Torrence Paul F
Synthesis and antiviral activities of new acyclic and "double-headed" nucleoside analogues.
Prichard Mark N; Keith Kathy A; Johnson Mary P; Harden Emma A; McBrayer Alexis; Luo Ming; Qiu Shihong; Chattopadhyay Debasish; Fan Xuesen; Torrence Paul F; Kern Earl R
Selective phosphorylation of antiviral drugs by vaccinia virus thymidine kinase.
Fan Xuesen; Zhang Xinying; Bories Christian; Loiseau Philippe M; Torrence Paul F
The Ugi reaction in the generation of new nucleosides as potential antiviral and antileishmanial agents.

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2007: Zhang Xinying; Amer Adel; Fan Xuesen; Balzarini Jan; Neyts Johan; De Clercq Erik; Prichard Mark; Kern Earl; Torrence Paul F
Synthesis and antiviral activities of new acyclic and "double-headed" nucleoside analogues.
Bioorganic chemistry 2007;35(3):221-32.
2007: Prichard Mark N; Keith Kathy A; Johnson Mary P; Harden Emma A; McBrayer Alexis; Luo Ming; Qiu Shihong; Chattopadhyay Debasish; Fan Xuesen; Torrence Paul F; Kern Earl R
Selective phosphorylation of antiviral drugs by vaccinia virus thymidine kinase.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2007;51(5):1795-803.
2007: Fan Xuesen; Zhang Xinying; Bories Christian; Loiseau Philippe M; Torrence Paul F
The Ugi reaction in the generation of new nucleosides as potential antiviral and antileishmanial agents.
Bioorganic chemistry 2007;35(2):121-36.
2006: Zhou Longhu; Thakur Chandar S; Molinaro Ross J; Paranjape Jayashree M; Hoppes Rieuwert; Jeang Kuan-Teh; Silverman Robert H; Torrence Paul F
Delivery of 2-5A cargo into living cells using the Tat cell penetrating peptide: 2-5A-tat.
Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry 2006;14(23):7862-74.
2006: Torrence Paul F; Fan Xuesen; Zhang Xinying; Loiseau Philippe M
Structurally diverse 5-substituted pyrimidine nucleosides as inhibitors of Leishmania donovani promastigotes in vitro.
Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters 2006;16(19):5047-51.
2006: Fan Xuesen; Zhang Xinying; Zhou Longhu; Keith Kathy A; Kern Earl R; Torrence Paul F
Assembling a smallpox biodefense by interrogating 5-substituted pyrimidine nucleoside chemical space.
Antiviral research 2006;71(2-3):201-5.
2006: Fan Xuesen; Zhang Xinying; Zhou Longhu; Keith Kathy A; Prichard Mark N; Kern Earl R; Torrence Paul F
Toward orthopoxvirus countermeasures: a novel heteromorphic nucleoside of unusual structure.
Journal of medicinal chemistry 2006;49(14):4052-4.
2006: Fan Xuesen; Zhang Xinying; Zhou Longhu; Keith Kathy A; Kern Earl R; Torrence Paul F
5-(Dimethoxymethyl)-2'-deoxyuridine: a novel gem diether nucleoside with anti-orthopoxvirus activity.
Journal of medicinal chemistry 2006;49(11):3377-82.
2006: Fan Xuesen; Zhang Xinying; Zhou Longhu; Keith Kathy A; Kern Earl R; Torrence Paul F
A pyrimidine-pyrazolone nucleoside chimera with potent in vitro anti-orthopoxvirus activity.
Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters 2006;16(12):3224-8.
2006: Torrence Paul F; Gupta Nidhi; Whitney Carol; Morrey John D
Evaluation of synthetic oligonucleotides as inhibitors of West Nile virus replication.
Antiviral research 2006;70(2):60-5.
2005: Zhou Longhu; Civitello Edgar R; Gupta Nidhi; Silverman Robert H; Molinaro Ross J; Anderson David E; Torrence Paul F
Endowing RNase H-inactive antisense with catalytic activity: 2-5A-morphants.
Bioconjugate chemistry 2005;16(2):383-90.
2005: Zhou Longhu; Amer Adel; Korn Michael; Burda Robert; Balzarini Jan; De Clercq Erik; Kern Earl R; Torrence Paul F
Synthesis and antiviral activities of 1,2,3-triazole functionalized thymidines: 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition for efficient regioselective diversity generation.
Antiviral chemistry & chemotherapy 2005;16(6):375-83.
2004: Kalinichenko Elena N; Podkopaeva Tatiana L; Budko Elena V; Seela Frank; Dong Beihua; Silverman Robert; Vepsäläinen Jouko; Torrence Paul F; Mikhailopulo Igor A
3-Deazaadenosine analogues of p5'A2'p5'A2'p5'A: synthesis, stereochemistry, and the roles of adenine ring nitrogen-3 in the interaction with RNase L.
Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry 2004;12(13):3637-47.
2003: Münch Ursula; Chen Ling; Bayly Suzanne F; Torrence Paul F
Probing the activation site of ribonuclease L with new N6-substituted 2',5'-adenylate trimers.
Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry 2003;11(9):2041-9.
2002: Torrence Paul F; Powell Linda D
The quest for an efficacious antiviral for respiratory syncytial virus.
Antiviral chemistry & chemotherapy 2002;13(6):325-44.
2002: Leaman Douglas W; Longano Frank J; Okicki James R; Soike Kenneth F; Torrence Paul F; Silverman Robert H; Cramer Hagen
Targeted therapy of respiratory syncytial virus in African green monkeys by intranasally administered 2-5A antisense.
Virology 2002;292(1):70-7.
2001: Adah S A; Bayly S F; Cramer H; Silverman R H; Torrence P F
Chemistry and biochemistry of 2',5'-oligoadenylate-based antisense strategy.
Current medicinal chemistry 2001;8(10):1189-212.
2001: Player M R; Torrence P F
Synthesis and characterization of chimeric 2-5A-DNA oligonucleotides.
Current protocols in nucleic acid chemistry / edited by Serge L. Beaucage ... [et al.] 2001;Chapter 4():Unit 4.4.
2001: Torrence P F; Wang Z
Accelerating RNA decay through intervention of RNase L: alternative synthesis of composite 2',5'-oligoadenylate-antisense.
Methods in enzymology 2001;342():20-8.
2000: Verheijen J C; Chen L; Bayly S F; Torrence P F; van der Marel G A; van Boom J H
Synthesis and RNAse L binding and activation of a 2-5A-(5')-DNA-(3')-PNA chimera, a novel potential antisense molecule.
Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids 2000;19(10-12):1821-30.
2000: Wang Z; Chen L; Bayly S F; Torrence P F
Convergent synthesis of ribonuclease L-active 2',5'-oligoadenylate-peptide nucleic acids.
Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters 2000;10(12):1357-60.
2000: Torrence P F
RSV infections: developments in the search for new drugs.
Drug news & perspectives 2000;13(4):226-33.
2000: Verheijen J C; van Roon A M; Meeuwenoord N J; Stuivenberg H R; Bayly S F; Chen L; van der Marel G A; Torrence P F; van Boom J H
Incorporation of a 4-hydroxy-N-acetylprolinol nucleotide analogue improves the 3'-exonuclease stability of 2'-5'-oligoadenylate-antisense conjugates.
Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters 2000;10(8):801-4.
2000: Geselowitz D A; Cramer H; Wondrak E M; Player M R; Torrence P F
Fluorescence resonance energy transfer analysis of RNase L-catalyzed oligonucleotide cleavage.
Antisense & nucleic acid drug development 2000;10(1):45-51.
2000: Kitade Y; Wakana M; Tsuboi T; Yatome C; Bayly S F; Player M R; Torrence P F
2-Methyladenosine-Substituted 2',5'-oligoadenylates: conformations, 2-5A binding and catalytic activities with human ribonuclease L.
Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters 2000;10(4):329-31.
2000: Silverman R H; Dong B; Maitra R K; Player M R; Torrence P F
Selective RNA cleavage by isolated RNase L activated with 2-5A antisense chimeric oligonucleotides.
Methods in enzymology 2000;313():522-33.
1999: Torrence P F
2-5A-antisense chimeras: inhibitors of respiratory syncytial virus infection.
Current opinion in molecular therapeutics 1999;1(3):307-15.
1999: Cramer H; Geselowitz D A; Torrence P F
Using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) for measuring 2-5A analogues ability to activate RNase L.
Nucleosides & nucleotides 1999;18(6-7):1523-5.
1999: Verheijen J C; Bayly S F; Player M R; Torrence P F; van der Marel G A; van Boom J H
2-5A-PNA complexes: a novel class of antisense compounds.
Nucleosides & nucleotides 1999;18(6-7):1485-6.
1999: Barnard D L; Sidwell R W; Xiao W; Player M R; Adah S A; Torrence P F
2-5A-DNA conjugate inhibition of respiratory syncytial virus replication: effects of oligonucleotide structure modifications and RNA target site selection.
Antiviral research 1999;41(3):119-34.
1999: Cramer H; Player M R; Torrence P F
Discrimination between ribonuclease H- and ribonuclease L-mediated RNA degradation by 2'-O-methylated 2-5A-antisense oligonucleotides.
Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters 1999;9(7):1049-54.
1999: Verheijen J C; van der Marel G A; van Boom J H; Bayly S F; Player M R; Torrence P F
2,5-oligoadenylate-peptide nucleic acids (2-5A-PNAs) activate RNase L.
Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry 1999;7(3):449-55.
1999: Player M R; Torrence P F
Phosphorothioate oligodeoxyribonucleotides inhibit ribonuclease L thereby disabling a mechanism of interferon action.
Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters 1999;9(6):891-4.
1998: Maran A; Waller C F; Paranjape J M; Li G; Xiao W; Zhang K; Kalaycio M E; Maitra R K; Lichtin A E; Brugger W; Torrence P F; Silverman R H
2',5'-Oligoadenylate-antisense chimeras cause RNase L to selectively degrade bcr/abl mRNA in chronic myelogenous leukemia cells.
Blood 1998;92(11):4336-43.
1998: Player M R; Wondrak E M; Bayly S F; Torrence P F
Ribonuclease L, a 2-5A-dependent enzyme: purification to homogeneity and assays for 2-5A binding and catalytic activity.
Methods (San Diego, Calif.) 1998;15(3):243-53.
1998: Player M R; Barnard D L; Torrence P F
Potent inhibition of respiratory syncytial virus replication using a 2-5A-antisense chimera targeted to signals within the virus genomic RNA.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1998;95(15):8874-9.
1998: Player M R; Maitra R K; Silverman R H; Torrence P F
Targeting RNase L to human immunodeficiency virus RNA with 2-5A-antisense.
Antiviral chemistry & chemotherapy 1998;9(3):225-31.
1998: Player M R; Torrence P F
The 2-5A system: modulation of viral and cellular processes through acceleration of RNA degradation.
Pharmacology & therapeutics 1998;78(2):55-113.
1998: Player M R; Kalinichenko E N; Podkopaeva T L; Mikhailopulo I A; Seela F; Torrence P F
Dissection of the roles of adenine ring nitrogen (N-1) and exocyclic amino (N-6) moieties in the interaction of 2-5A with RNase L.
Biochemical and biophysical research communications 1998;245(2):430-4.
1998: Xiao W; Li G; Player M R; Maitra R K; Waller C F; Silverman R H; Torrence P F
Nuclease-resistant composite 2',5'-oligoadenylate-3', 5'-oligonucleotides for the targeted destruction of RNA: 2-5A-iso-antisense.
Journal of medicinal chemistry 1998;41(9):1531-9.
1998: Player M R; Xiao W; Cramer H; Torrence P F
Methods for the characterization of phosphatase-stabilized 2-5A-antisense chimeras.
Bioconjugate chemistry 1998;9(1):137-42.
1997: Castelli J C; Hassel B A; Wood K A; Li X L; Amemiya K; Dalakas M C; Torrence P F; Youle R J
A study of the interferon antiviral mechanism: apoptosis activation by the 2-5A system.
The Journal of experimental medicine 1997;186(6):967-72.
1997: Li G; Xiao W; Torrence P F
Synthesis and properties of second-generation 2-5A-antisense chimeras with enhanced resistance to exonucleases.
Journal of medicinal chemistry 1997;40(18):2959-66.
1997: Lesiak K B; Uznanski B; Torrence P F
The solid-phase synthesis of 2'-5'-linked oligoriboadenylates containing 8-bromoadenine.
Applied biochemistry and biotechnology 1997;67(1-2):33-44.
1997: Torrence P F; Xiao W; Li G; Cramer H; Player M R; Silverman R H
Recruiting the 2-5A system for antisense therapeutics.
Antisense & nucleic acid drug development 1997;7(3):203-6.
1997: Xiao W; Li G; Maitra R K; Maran A; Silverman R H; Torrence P F
Correlation of selective modifications to a 2',5'-oligoadenylate-3',5'-deoxyribonucleotide antisense chimera with affinity for the target nucleic acid and with ability to activate RNase L.
Journal of medicinal chemistry 1997;40(8):1195-200.
1997: Lesiak K; Torrence P F
Efficient functionalization of 2',5'-oligoadenylates with sulfur.
Bioconjugate chemistry 1997;8(2):199-203.
1997: Cirino N M; Li G; Xiao W; Torrence P F; Silverman R H
Targeting RNA decay with 2',5' oligoadenylate-antisense in respiratory syncytial virus-infected cells.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1997;94(5):1937-42.
1996: Khamnei S; Torrence P F
Neighboring group catalysis in the design of nucleotide prodrugs.
Journal of medicinal chemistry 1996;39(20):4109-15.
1996: Xiao W; Player M R; Li G; Zhang W; Lesiak K; Torrence P F
Synthesis and characterization of composite nucleic acids containing 2', 5'-oligoriboadenylate linked to antisense DNA.
Antisense & nucleic acid drug development 1996;6(4):247-58.
1995: Beigelman L; Matulic-Adamic J; Haeberli P; Usman N; Dong B; Silverman R H; Khamnei S; Torrence P F
Synthesis and biological activities of a phosphorodithioate analog of 2',5'-oligoadenylate.
Nucleic acids research 1995;23(19):3989-94.
1995: Torrence P F
The Endangered Species Act.
Science (New York, N.Y.) 1995;269(5232):1803-4.
1995: Maitra R K; Li G; Xiao W; Dong B; Torrence P F; Silverman R H
Catalytic cleavage of an RNA target by 2-5A antisense and RNase L.
The Journal of biological chemistry 1995;270(25):15071-5.
1995: Ríos M; Muñoz M; Torrence P F; Spencer E
Effect of interferon and 2',5'-oligoadenylates on rotavirus RNA synthesis.
Antiviral research 1995;26(2):133-43.
1994: Maran A; Maitra R K; Kumar A; Dong B; Xiao W; Li G; Williams B R; Torrence P F; Silverman R H
Blockage of NF-kappa B signaling by selective ablation of an mRNA target by 2-5A antisense chimeras.
Science (New York, N.Y.) 1994;265(5173):789-92.
1994: Dong B; Xu L; Zhou A; Hassel B A; Lee X; Torrence P F; Silverman R H
Intrinsic molecular activities of the interferon-induced 2-5A-dependent RNase.
The Journal of biological chemistry 1994;269(19):14153-8.
1993: Lesiak K; Khamnei S; Torrence P F
2',5'-Oligoadenylate:antisense chimeras--synthesis and properties.
Bioconjugate chemistry 1993;4(6):467-72.
1993: Torrence P F; Kinjo J; Khamnei S; Greig N H
Synthesis and pharmacokinetics of a dihydropyridine chemical delivery system for the antiimmunodeficiency virus agent dideoxycytidine.
Journal of medicinal chemistry 1993;36(5):529-37.
1993: Torrence P F; Maitra R K; Lesiak K; Khamnei S; Zhou A; Silverman R H
Targeting RNA for degradation with a (2'-5')oligoadenylate-antisense chimera.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1993;90(4):1300-4.
1992: Torrence P F; Brozda D; Alster D K; Pabuccuoglu A; Lesiak K
A new and potent 2-5A analogue which does not require a 5'-polyphosphate to activate mouse L-cell RNase L.
Antiviral research 1992;18(3-4):275-89.
1992: Kinjo J E; Pabuccuoglu A; Alster D K; Lesiak K; Torrence P F
Synthesis and biological activity of uronic acid analogues of 2-5A[5'-O-triphosphoryladenylyl(2----5')adenylyl-(2'----5')adenosine]
Drug design and discovery 1992;8(3):241-54.
1991: Kovács T; Párkányi L; Pelczer I; Cervantes-Lee F; Pannell K H; Torrence P F
Solid-state and solution conformation of 3'-amino-3'-deoxythymidine, precursor to a noncompetitive inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.
Journal of medicinal chemistry 1991;34(8):2595-600.
1991: Kitade Y; Nakata Y; Hirota K; Maki Y; Pabuccuoglu A; Torrence P F
8-Methyladenosine-substituted analogues of 2-5A: synthesis and their biological activities.
Nucleic acids research 1991;19(15):4103-8.
1991: Castora F J; Erickson C E; Kovács T; Lesiak K; Torrence P F
2',5'-oligoadenylates inhibit relaxation of supercoiled DNA by calf thymus DNA topoisomerase I.
Journal of interferon research 1991;11(3):143-9.
1991: Kohda K; Ukai H; Balzarini J; De Clercq E; Torrence P F
Differential inhibition of retroviral reverse transcriptase by poly(2-fluoroadenylic acid), a template analogue.
AIDS (London, England) 1991;5(3):341.
1990: Torrence P F; Kovács T
A swift and facile radiosynthesis of [alpha-32P]-3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine 5'-triphosphate (AZT triphosphate).
Nucleic acids research 1990;18(22):6738.
1990: Kedar P S; Abbotts J; Kovács T; Lesiak K; Torrence P; Wilson S H
Mechanism of HIV reverse transcriptase: enzyme-primer interaction as revealed through studies of a dNTP analogue, 3'-azido-dTTP.
Biochemistry 1990;29(15):3603-11.
1990: Nolan-Sorden N L; Lesiak K; Bayard B; Torrence P F; Silverman R H
Photochemical crosslinking in oligonucleotide-protein complexes between a bromine-substituted 2-5A analog and 2-5A-dependent RNase by ultraviolet lamp or laser.
Analytical biochemistry 1990;184(2):298-304.
1990: Subramanian M; Kovacs T; Lesiak K; Torrence P F; Lenard J
Inhibition of the RNA polymerase of vesicular stomatitis virus by ppp5'A2'p5'A and related compounds.
Antiviral research 1990;13(2):81-9.
1989: van den Hoogen Y T; Hilgersom C M; Brozda D; Lesiak K; Torrence P F; Altona C
Conformational analysis of brominated pA2'-5'A2'-5'A analogs. An NMR and model-building study.
European journal of biochemistry / FEBS 1989;182(3):629-37.
1989: Kitade Y; Nakata Y; Hirota K; Maki Y; Pabuccoglu A; Torrence P F
8-Methyladenosine-substituted analogs of 2-5A: synthesis and properties.
Nucleic acids symposium series 1989;(21):93-4.
1988: Torrence P F; Kinjo J; Lesiak K; Balzarini J; De Clercq E
AIDS dementia: synthesis and properties of a derivative of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) that may become 'locked' in the central nervous system.
FEBS letters 1988;234(1):135-40.
1988: Torrence P F; Brozda D; Alster D; Charubala R; Pfleiderer W
Only one 3'-hydroxyl group of ppp5' A2'p5'A2'p5' A (2-5A) is required for activation of the 2-5A-dependent endonuclease.
The Journal of biological chemistry 1988;263(3):1131-9.
1987: Lesiak K; Torrence P F
Purine 8-bromination modulates the ribonuclease L binding and activation abilities of 2',5'-oligoadenylates. Possible influence of glycosyl torsion angle.
The Journal of biological chemistry 1987;262(5):1961-5.
1987: Torrence P F; Alster D; Huss S; Gosselin G; Imbach J L
Degradation by the 2',5'-phosphodiesterase activity of mouse cells requires the presence of a ribo hydroxyl group in the penultimate position of the oligonucleotide substrate.
FEBS letters 1987;212(2):267-70.
1987: Jamoulle J C; Lesiak K; Torrence P F
Respective role of each of the purine N7 nitrogens of 5'-O-triphosphoadenylyl(2'----5')adenylyl(2'----5')adenosine in binding to and activation of the RNase L of mouse cells.
Biochemistry 1987;26(2):376-83.
1986: Alster D; Brozda D; Kitade Y; Wong A; Charubala R; Pfleiderer W; Torrence P F
2',5'-Phosphodiesterase activity depends upon the presence of a 3'-hydroxyl moiety in the penultimate position of the oligonucleotide substrate.
Biochemical and biophysical research communications 1986;141(2):555-61.
1986: Lesiak K; Torrence P F
Synthesis and biological activities of oligo(8-bromoadenylates) as analogues of 5'-O-triphosphoadenylyl(2'----5')adenylyl(2'----5')adenosine.
Journal of medicinal chemistry 1986;29(6):1015-22.
1986: Krause D; Lesiak K; Imai J; Sawai H; Torrence P F; Silverman R H
Activation of 2-5A-dependent RNase by analogs of 2-5A (5'-O-triphosphoryladenylyl(2'----5')adenylyl(2'----5')adenosine ) using 2',5'-tetraadenylate (core)-cellulose.
The Journal of biological chemistry 1986;261(15):6836-9.
1986: Defilippi P; Huez G; Verhaegen-Lawalle M; De Clercq E; Imai J; Torrence P; Content J
Antiviral activity of a chemically stabilized 2-5A analog upon microinjection into HeLa cells.
FEBS letters 1986;198(2):326-32.
1986: Ilson D H; Torrence P F; Vilcek J
Two molecular weight forms of human 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase have different activation requirements.
Journal of interferon research 1986;6(1):5-12.
1986: Torrence P F; Imai J; Jamoulle J C; Lesiak K
Methods for the synthesis of analogs of (2'-5')-oligoadenylic acid.
Methods in enzymology 1986;119():522-9.
1985: Black R J; Friedman R M; Imai J; Torrence P F
Antagonism of 2-5 A-mediated inhibition of protein synthesis in intact cells by 2',5'-(pA)3.
FEBS letters 1985;191(1):154-8.
1985: Sawai H; Lesiak K; Imai J; Torrence P F
Replacement of the ribofuranose oxygen of 2-5A derivatives by methylene: synthesis of an aristeromycin analogue of 2-5A core 5'-monophosphate (5'-O-phosphoryladenylyl)(2'----5')adenyl(2'----5')adenosine.
Journal of medicinal chemistry 1985;28(9):1376-80.
1985: Johnston M I; Imai J; Lesiak K; Jacobsen H; Sawai H; Torrence P F
Antibody-nucleic acid interactions. Monoclonal antibodies define different antigenic domains in 2',5'-oligoadenylates.
Biochemistry 1985;24(17):4710-8.
1985: Eppstein D A; Van der Pas M A; Schryver B B; Sawai H; Lesiak K; Imai J; Torrence P F
Cordycepin analogs of ppp5'A2'p5'A2'p5'A (2-5A) inhibit protein synthesis through activation of the 2-5A-dependent endonuclease.
The Journal of biological chemistry 1985;260(6):3666-71.
1985: Imai J; Lesiak K; Torrence P F
Respective role of each of the purine N-6 amino groups of 5'-O-triphosphoryladenylyl(2'----5')adenylyl(2----5')adenosine in binding to and activation of RNase L.
The Journal of biological chemistry 1985;260(3):1390-3.
1985: Lesiak K; Torrence P F
Phosphorylation of 2-5A core 5'-diphosphate to 2-5A in mouse L cell extracts.
Biochemical and biophysical research communications 1985;126(2):917-21.
1985: Torrence P F; Imai J; Jamoulle J C; Wong A; Lesiak K
Sequence-specific 2'5'-oligonucleotides in the molecular dissection of the biological activity of 2-5A.
Progress in clinical and biological research 1985;202():75-80.
1985: Krause D; Lesiak K; Imai J; Sawai H; Torrence P F; Silverman R H
Structure-activity relationship of analogs of 2-5A determined using the core-cellulose assay for 2-5A-dependent RNase.
Progress in clinical and biological research 1985;202():133-9.
1985: Defilippi P; Huez G; Verhaegen-Lewalle M; De Clercq E; Torrence P; Content J
Antiviral activity towards VSV and Mengo virus of a chemically stabilized 2-5A analog upon microinjection into HeLa cells.
Progress in clinical and biological research 1985;202():141-6.
1985: Johnston M I; Hearl W G; White J C; Imai J; Torrence P F; Williams R W
Immunochemistry, physical chemistry and biology of 2',5'-oligoadenylates.
Progress in clinical and biological research 1985;202():37-45.
1984: Torrence P F; De Clercq E
Preparation and biological properties of a highly active poly(G) X poly(C) inducer of interferon.
Antiviral research 1984;4(6):339-50.
1984: Torrence P F; Imai J; Lesiak K; Jamoulle J C; Sawai H
Oligonucleotide structural parameters that influence binding of 5'-O-triphosphoadenylyl-(2'----5')-adenylyl-(2'----5')-adenosine to the 5'-O-triphosphoadenylyl-(2'----5')-adenylyl-(2'----5')-adenosine dependent endoribonuclease: chain length, phosphorylation state, and heterocyclic base.
Journal of medicinal chemistry 1984;27(6):726-33.
1984: Jamoulle J C; Imai J; Lesiak K; Torrence P F
Synthesis and biological activity of tubercidin analogues of ppp5'A2'p(5'A2'p)n5'A.
Biochemistry 1984;23(13):3063-9.
1984: Imai J; Torrence P F
Synthesis and biological activity of 5'-capped derivatives of 5'-triphosphoadenylyl(2'----5')adenylyl(2'----5')adenosine.
Biochemistry 1984;23(4):766-74.
1984: Imai J; Lesiak K; Torrence P F
Chemical synthesis and biological activities of partially inosine-substituted 2',5'-oligoadenylates: functional discrimination of three adenine amino groups on 2-5A for the binding to and activation of 2-5A-dependent endonuclease.
Nucleic acids symposium series 1984;(15):81-4.
1983: Johnston M I; Preble O T; Imai J; Jacobsen H; Torrence P F
A sensitive immunoenzymometric assay for 2',5'-oligoadenylate. Detection of elevated 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase in human peripheral mononuclear cells.
Journal of immunological methods 1983;65(1-2):123-35.
1983: Torrence P F; Imai J; Lesiak K; Warrinnier J; Balzarini J; De Clercq E
Structure--activity relationships for and potentiation of the antimitogenic activity of 2-5A core derived from 2-5A, a mediator of interferon action.
Journal of medicinal chemistry 1983;26(12):1674-8.
1983: Lesiak K; Imai J; Floyd-Smith G; Torrence P F
Biological activities of phosphodiester linkage isomers of 2-5A.
The Journal of biological chemistry 1983;258(21):13082-8.
1983: Imai J; Torrence P F
[Oligonucleotide structural features involved in binding to and activation of the 2-5 A-dependent endoribonuclease]
Tanpakushitsu kakusan koso. Protein, nucleic acid, enzyme 1983;28(6):801-14.
1983: Torrence P F; Imai J; Johnston M I
Assay of 2',5'-oligoadenylate phosphodiesterase activity in mouse L-cell extracts.
Analytical biochemistry 1983;129(1):103-10.
1983: Sawai H; Imai J; Lesiak K; Johnston M I; Torrence P F
Cordycepin analogues of 2-5A and its derivatives. Chemical synthesis and biological activity.
The Journal of biological chemistry 1983;258(3):1671-7.
1983: Lesiak K; Torrence P F
Synthesis and biological activity of a fluorescent analogue of 2-5A.
FEBS letters 1983;151(2):291-6.
1983: Jacobsen H; Epstein D A; Friedmann R M; Safer B; Torrence P F
Double-stranded RNA-dependent phosphorylation of protein P1 and eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha does not correlate with protein synthesis inhibition in a cell-free system from interferon-treated mouse L cells.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1983;80(1):41-5.
1982: Balzarini J; De Clercq E; Mertes M P; Shugar D; Torrence P F
5-Substituted 2'-deoxyuridines: correlation between inhibition of tumor cell growth and inhibition of thymidine kinase and thymidylate synthetase.
Biochemical pharmacology 1982;31(22):3673-82.
1982: Imai J; Johnston M I; Torrence P F
Chemical modification potentiates the biological activities of 2-5A and its congeners.
The Journal of biological chemistry 1982;257(21):12739-45.
1982: Balzarini J; De Clercq E; Torrence P F; Mertes M P; Park J S; Schmidt C L; Shugar D; Barr P J; Jones A S; Verhelst G; Walker R T
Role of thymidine kinase in the inhibitory activity of 5-substituted-2'-deoxyuridines on the growth of human and murine tumor cell lines.
Biochemical pharmacology 1982;31(6):1089-95.
1982: De Clercq E; Balzarini J; Descamps J; Huang G F; Torrence P F; Bergstrom D E; Jones A S; Serafinowski P; Verhelst G; Walker R T
Antiviral, antimetabolic, and cytotoxic activities of 5-substituted 2'-deoxycytidines.
Molecular pharmacology 1982;21(1):217-23.
1982: Imai J; Lesiak K; Johnston M I; Torrence P F
Oligonucleotide structural features involved in binding to and activation of the 2-5A-dependent endoribonuclease of L cells.
Nucleic acids symposium series 1982;(11):97-100.
1982: Torrence P F
Synthetic inducers of interferons.
Horizons in biochemistry and biophysics 1982;6():335-55.
1981: Torrence P F; Imai J; Johnston M I
5'-O-Monophosphoryladenylyl(2' goes to 5')adenylyl(2' goes to 5')adenosine is an antagonist of the action of 5'-O-triphosphoryladenylyl-(2' goes to 5')adenylyl(2' goes to 5')adenosine and double-stranded RNA.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1981;78(10):5993-7.
1981: Bobst A M; Langemeier P W; Torrence P F; De Clercq E
Interferon induction by poly(inosinic acid).poly(cytidylic acid) segmented by spin-labels.
Biochemistry 1981;20(16):4798-803.
1981: Torrence P F; Johnston M I; Epstein D A; Jacobsen H; Friedman R M
Activation of human and mouse 2-5A synthetases and mouse protein P1 kinase by nucleic acids. Structure-activity relationships and correlations with inhibition of protein synthesis and interferon induction.
FEBS letters 1981;130(2):291-6.
1981: Huang G F; Okada M; De Clercq E; Torrence P F
Synthesis and antiviral activity of 5-[(cyanomethylene)oxy]-2'-deoxyuridine.
Journal of medicinal chemistry 1981;24(4):390-3.
1981: De Clercq E; Balzarini J; Torrence P F; Mertes M P; Schmidt C L; Shugar D; Barr P J; Jones A S; Verhelst G; Walker R T
Thymidylate synthetase as target enzyme for the inhibitory activity of 5-substituted 2'-deoxyuridines on mouse leukemia L1210 cell growth.
Molecular pharmacology 1981;19(2):321-30.
1981: Imai J; Torrence P F
An efficient chemical synthesis of adenylyl(2' goes to 5')adenylyl(2' goes to 5')adenosine [(2'-5')-oligo(A)]
Methods in enzymology 1981;79(Pt B):233-44.
1981: Torrence P F
Preparation of a synthetic polynucleotide interferon inducer.
Methods in enzymology 1981;78(Pt A):326-31.
1981: Johnston M I; Friedman R M; Torrence P F
Assay of (2'-5')-oligo(A) synthetase with 2',5'-ADP-Sepharose.
Methods in enzymology 1981;79(Pt B):228-33.
1981: De Clercq E; Torrence P F
Structure-activity relationships for interferon induction and inhibition of protein synthesis by polynucleotides.
Texas reports on biology and medicine 1981;41():76-83.
1981: Epstein D A; Torrence P F; Friedman R M
Measurement of inhibition of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity by poly(I) . poly(C) in extracts of interferon-treated cells.
Methods in enzymology 1981;79(Pt B):179-84.
1981: Torrence P F; De Clercq E
Interferon inducers: general survey and classification.
Methods in enzymology 1981;78(Pt A):291-9.
1980: Johnston M I; Zoon K C; Friedman R M; De Clercq E; Torrence P F
Oligo(2'-5')adenylate synthetase in human lymphoblastoid cells.
Biochemical and biophysical research communications 1980;97(2):375-83.
1980: Johnston M I; Friedman R M; Torrence P F
Interferon-induced (2'-5')oligoadenylate synthetase: adsorpton to and assay on adenosine 2',5'-diphosphate-sepharose.
Biochemistry 1980;19(24):5580-5.
1980: De Clercq E; Descamps J; Verhelst G; Walker R T; Jones A S; Torrence P F; Shugar D
Comparative efficacy of antiherpes drugs against different strains of herpes simplex virus.
The Journal of infectious diseases 1980;141(5):563-74.
1980: Epstein D A; Torrence P F; Friedman R M
Double-stranded RNA inhibits a phosphoprotein phosphatase present in interferon-treated cells.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1980;77(1):107-11.
1979: De Clercq E; Huang G F; Bhooshan B; Ledley G; Torrence P F
Interferon induction by mismatched analogues of polyinosinic acid . polycytidylic acid [(Ix,U)n.(C)n].
Nucleic acids research 1979;7(7):2003-14.
1979: Descamps J; De Clercq E; Barr P J; Jones A S; Walker R T; Torrence P F; Shugar D
Relative potencies of different anti-herpes agents in the topical treatment of cutaneous herpes simplex virus infection of athymic nude mice.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 1979;16(5):680-2.
1979: Chang C T; Edwards M W; Torrence P F; Mertes M P
5-Cyano-2'-deoxyuridine 5'-phosphate: a potent competitive inhibitor of thymidylate synthetase.
Journal of medicinal chemistry 1979;22(9):1137-9.
1979: Torrence P F; Friedman R M; Kirk K L; Cohen L A; Creveling C R
2-Fluorohistidine--effects on protein synthesis in cell-free systems and in mouse L cells.
Biochemical pharmacology 1979;28(9):1565-7.
1979: Torrence P F; Huang G F; Edwards M W; Bhooshan B; Descamps J; De Clercq E
5-Substituted uracil arabinonucleosides as potential antiviral agents.
Journal of medicinal chemistry 1979;22(3):316-9.
1979: Torrence P F; Friedman R M
Are double-stranded RNA-directed inhibition of protein synthesis in interferon-treated cells and interferon induction related phenomena?
The Journal of biological chemistry 1979;254(4):1259-67.
1978: Mertes M P; Chang C T; De Clercq E; Huang G F; Torrence P F
5-Nitro-2'-deoxyuridine 5'-monophosphate is a potent irreversible inhibitor of Lactobacillus caesi thymidylate synthetase.
Biochemical and biophysical research communications 1978;84(4):1054-9.
1978: de Clercq E; Torrence P F; Stollar B D; Hobbs J; Fukui T; Kakiuchi N; Ikehara M
Interferon induction by a 2'-modified double-helical RNA, poly(2'-azido-2'-deoxyinosinic acid) . polycytidylic acid.
European journal of biochemistry / FEBS 1978;88(2):341-9.
1978: De Clercq E; Descamps J; Huang G F; Torrence P F
5-Nitro-2'-deoxyuridine and 5-nitro-2'-deoxyuridine 5'-monophosphate: antiviral activity and inhibition of thymidylate synthetase in vivo.
Molecular pharmacology 1978;14(3):422-30.
1978: Torrence P F; Spencer J W; Bobst A M
5-O-Alkylated derivatives of 5-hydroxy-2'-deoxyuridine as potential antiviral agents. Anti-herpes activity of 5-propynyloxy-2'-deoxyuridine.
Journal of medicinal chemistry 1978;21(2):228-31.
1977: Huang G F; Torrence P F
Nitration of pyrimidine bases and nucleotides by nitronium tetrafluoroborate. Synthesis of 5-nitro-2'-deoxyuridine.
The Journal of organic chemistry 1977;42(24):3821-4.
1977: De Clercq E; Huang G F; Torrence P F; Fukui T; Kakiuchi N; Ikehara M
Biologic activities of poly (2-azaadenylic acid) and poly (2-azainosinic acid).
Nucleic acids research 1977;4(10):3643-53.
1977: De Clercq E; Krajewska E; Descamps J; Torrence P F
Anti-herpes activity of deoxythymidine analogues: specific dependence on virus-induced deoxythymidine kinase.
Molecular pharmacology 1977;13(5):980-4.
1977: Torrence P F; Bhooshan B
Improved synthesis and in vitro antiviral activities of 5-cyanouridine and 5-cyano-2'-deoxyuridine.
Journal of medicinal chemistry 1977;20(7):974-6.
1977: Torrence P F; De Clercq E; Witkop B
The interaction of polyxanthylic acid with polyadenylic acid.
Biochimica et biophysica acta 1977;475(1):1-6.
1977: Torrence P F; De Clercq E
Polyadenylic-polyxanthylic-polyuridylic acid triple helix.
Biochemistry 1977;16(6):1039-43.
1976: Bobst A M; Torrence P F; Kouidou S; Witkop B
Dependence of interferon induction on nucleic acid conformation.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1976;73(11):3788-92.
1976: Clercq E D; Edy V G; Torrence P F; Waters J A; Witkop B
Antiviral activity of poly(7-deazainosinic acid)-derived complexes in vitro and in vivo.
Molecular pharmacology 1976;12(6):1045-51.
1976: de Clercq E; Torrence P F; Fukui T; Ikehara M
Role of purine N-3 in the biologic activities of poly(A) and poly(I).
Nucleic acids research 1976;3(6):1591-601.
1976: De Clercq E; Luczak M; Shugar D; Torrence P F; Waters J A; Witkop B
Effect of cytosine, arabinoside, iododeoxyuridine, ethyldeoxyuridine, thiocyanatodeoxyuridine, and ribavirin on tail lesion formation in mice infected with vaccinia virus.
Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine (New York, N.Y.) 1976;151(3):487-90.
1976: Torrence P F; De Clercq E; Witkop B
Triple-helical polynucleotides. Mixed triplexes of the poly(uridylic acid)-poly(adenylic acid)-poly(uridylic acid) class.
Biochemistry 1976;15(4):724-34.
1976: De Clercq E; Torrence P F; Witkop B
Polynucleotide displacement reactions: detection by interferon induction.
Biochemistry 1976;15(4):717-24.
1976: Torrence P F; Witkop B
[Design of polynucleotides that act as inducers of interferon (author's transl)]
Tanpakushitsu kakusan koso. Protein, nucleic acid, enzyme 1976;21(7):536-43.
1975: De Clercq E; Torrence P F; Waters J A; Witkop B
Antiviral activity of 5-thiocyanatopyrimidine nucleosides.
Biochemical pharmacology 1975;24(23):2171-5.
1975: de Clercq E; Billiau A; Torrence P F; Waters J A; Witkop B
Antiviral and antimetabolic activities of poly (7-deazaadenylic acid) and poly (7-deazainosinic acid).
Biochemical pharmacology 1975;24(24):2233-8.
1975: De Clercq E; Torrence P F; Hobbs J; Janik B; De Somer P; Witkop B
Anti-complement activity of polynucleotides.
Biochemical and biophysical research communications 1975;67(1):255-63.
1975: Johnston M I; Stollar B D; Torrence P F; Witkop B
Structural features of double-stranded polyribonucleotides required for immunological specificity and interferon induction.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1975;72(11):4564-8.
1975: Torrence P F; Witkop B
Polynucleotide duplexes based on poly(7-deazaadenylic acid).
Biochimica et biophysica acta 1975;395(1):56-66.
1975: De Clercq E; Torrence P F; De Somer P; Witkop B
Biological, biochemical, and physicochemical evidence for the existence of the polyadenylic-polyuridylic-polyinosinic acid triplex.
The Journal of biological chemistry 1975;250(7):2521-31.
1975: Torrence P F; De Clercq E; Waters J A; Witkop B
Failure of duplexes based on polylaurusin (poly(L), "Polyformycin B") to induce interferon.
Biochemical and biophysical research communications 1975;62(3):658-64.
1975: De Clercq E; Billiau A; Hobbs J; Torrence P F; Witkop B
Inhibition of oncornavirus functions by 2'-azido polynucleotides.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1975;72(1):284-8.
1974: De Clercq E; Torrence P F; Witkop B; Stewart W E; De Somer P
Interferon induction: tool for establishing interactions among homopolyribonucleotides.
Science (New York, N.Y.) 1974;186(4166):835-7.
1974: Torrence P F; De Clercq E; Waters J A; Witkop B
A potent interferon inducer derived from poly (7-deazainosinic acid).
Biochemistry 1974;13(21):4400-8.
1974: de Clercq E; Billiau A; Hobbs J; Torrence P F; Witkop B
Proceedings: Inhibition of mouse leukemia virus RNA-dependent DNA polymerase by 2'-OH-substituted polynucleotides.
Hoppe-Seyler's Zeitschrift für physiologische Chemie 1974;355(10):1184.
1974: De Clercq E; Torrence P F; Witkpo B; Stewart W E; De Somer P
Proceedings: Previously unrecognized interactions among synthetic homopolynucleotides and their complexes revealed by interferon induction studies.
Archives internationales de physiologie et de biochimie 1974;82(4):769.
1974: Nagamachi T; Fourrey J L; Torrence P F; Waters J A; Witkop B
Synthesis, chemistry, and biological activity of 5-thiocyanatopyrimidine nucleosides as potential masked thiols.
Journal of medicinal chemistry 1974;17(4):403-6.
1974: De Clercq E; Torrence P F; Witkop B
Interferon induction by synthetic polynucleotides: importance of purine N-7 and strandwise rearrangement.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1974;71(1):182-6.
1973: Torrence P F; Bobst A M; Waters J A; Witkop B
Synthesis and characterization of potential interferon inducers. Poly(2'-azido-2'-deoxyuridylic acid).
Biochemistry 1973;12(20):3962-72.
1973: Torrence P F; Waters J A; Buckler C E; Witkop B
Effect of pyrimidine and ribose modifications on the antiviral activity of synthetic polynucleotides.
Biochemical and biophysical research communications 1973;52(3):890-8.
1972: Torrence P F; Waters J A; Witkop B
Unexpected conformational stability of poly(2'-azido-2'-deoxyuridylic acid).
Journal of the American Chemical Society 1972;94(10):3638-9.
1972: Torrence P F; Witkop B
Enzymatic synthesis of polynucleotides containing 5,6-methylene- and 5,6-dihydropyrimidines.
Biochemistry 1972;11(10):1737-45.
1968: Torrence P F; Tieckelmann H
Thiamin biosynthesis. II. A novel biosynthetic transformation of the S-methyl moiety of methionine.
Biochimica et biophysica acta 1968;158(1):183-5.
1967: Tomlinson R V; Kuhlman D P; Torrence P F; Tieckelmann H
Precursors of the pyrimidine and thiazole rings of thiamine.
Biochimica et biophysica acta 1967;148(1):1-10.

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