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Karen Bowker

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Alasdair P MacGowan; Alan R Noel; Sharon Tomaselli; Karen E Bowker
Pharmacodynamics of Ceftaroline against Staphylococcus aureus Studied in an In Vitro Pharmacokinetic Model of Infection.
Karen E Bowker; M I Garvey; Alan Noel; S G Tomaselli; Alasdair P MacGowan
Comparative antibacterial effects of moxifloxacin and levofloxacin on Streptococcus pneumoniae strains with defined mechanisms of resistance: impact of bacterial inoculum.
Karen E Bowker; Heather Elliott; Alan R Noel; Sharon G Tomaselli; Alasdair P MacGowan
Pharmacodynamics of the antibacterial effect of and emergence of resistance to doripenem in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii in an in vitro pharmacokinetic model.

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All Publications

2013: Alasdair P MacGowan; Alan R Noel; Sharon Tomaselli; Karen E Bowker
Pharmacodynamics of Ceftaroline against Staphylococcus aureus Studied in an In Vitro Pharmacokinetic Model of Infection.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2013;57(6):2451-6.
2013: Karen E Bowker; M I Garvey; Alan Noel; S G Tomaselli; Alasdair P MacGowan
Comparative antibacterial effects of moxifloxacin and levofloxacin on Streptococcus pneumoniae strains with defined mechanisms of resistance: impact of bacterial inoculum.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 2013;68(5):1130-8.
2012: Karen E Bowker; Heather Elliott; Alan R Noel; Sharon G Tomaselli; Alasdair P MacGowan
Pharmacodynamics of the antibacterial effect of and emergence of resistance to doripenem in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii in an in vitro pharmacokinetic model.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2012;56(10):5009-15.
2012: Mahableshwar Albur; Karen E Bowker; Alan Noel; Alasdair MacGowan
Bactericidal activity of multiple combinations of tigecycline and colistin against NDM-1-producing Enterobacteriaceae.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2012;56(6):3441-3.
2012: M S Albur; Karen E Bowker; I Weir; A MacGowan
Factors influencing the clinical outcome of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia.
European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology 2012;31(3):295-301.
2011: Alasdair P MacGowan; Alan Noel; Sharon Tomaselli; Heather Elliott; Karen E Bowker
Pharmacodynamics of razupenem (PZ601) studied in an in vitro pharmacokinetic model of infection.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2011;55(4):1436-42.
2011: Alasdair P MacGowan; Alan Noel; Sharon Tomaselli; Heather C Elliott; Karen E Bowker
Pharmacodynamics of telavancin studied in an in vitro pharmacokinetic model of infection.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2011;55(2):867-73.
2009: Alasdair P MacGowan; Rosy Reynolds; Alan Noel; Karen E Bowker
Bacterial strain-to-strain variation in pharmacodynamic index magnitude, a hitherto unconsidered factor in establishing antibiotic clinical breakpoints.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2009;53(12):5181-4.
2009: Karen E Bowker; Alan Noel; Alasdair P MacGowan
Comparative antibacterial effects of daptomycin, vancomycin and teicoplanin studied in an in vitro pharmacokinetic model of infection.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 2009;64(5):1044-51.
2009: Karen E Bowker; Patrick Caspers; Bérengère Gaucher; Alasdair P MacGowan
In vitro activities of three new dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors against clinical isolates of gram-positive bacteria.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2009;53(11):4949-52.
2008: Karen E Bowker; Alan Noel; Alasdair P MacGowan
Pharmacodynamics of minocycline against Staphylococcus aureus in an in vitro pharmacokinetic model.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2008;52(12):4370-3.
2008: Alasdair P MacGowan; Karen E Bowker; Alan Noel
Pharmacodynamics of the antibacterial effect and emergence of resistance to tomopenem, formerly RO4908463/CS-023, in an in vitro pharmacokinetic model of Staphylococcus aureus infection.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2008;52(4):1401-6.
2007: Rouin Amirfeyz; Andrew Tasker; Sami Ali; Karen E Bowker; Ashley Blom
Theatre shoes - a link in the common pathway of postoperative wound infection?
Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 2007;89(6):605-8.
2006: K Burney; Karen E Bowker; Rosy Reynolds; M Bradley
Topical ethyl chloride fine spray. Does it have any antimicrobial activity?
Clinical radiology 2006;61(12):1055-7.
2006: Mehnam Soltani; Caroline M Tobin; Karen E Bowker; Julie Sunderland; Alasdair P MacGowan; Andrew M Lovering
Evidence of excessive concentrations of 5-flucytosine in children aged below 12 years: a 12-year review of serum concentrations from a UK clinical assay reference laboratory.
International journal of antimicrobial agents 2006;28(6):574-7.
2006: Karen E Bowker; Alan Noel; Alasdair P MacGowan
Pharmacodynamics of dalbavancin studied in an in vitro pharmacokinetic system.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 2006;58(4):802-5.
2006: N K R Kelsall; R K L Griggs; Karen E Bowker; Gordon C Bannister
Should finger rings be removed prior to scrubbing for theatre?
The Journal of hospital infection 2006;62(4):450-2.
2005: Alan Noel; Karen E Bowker; Alasdair P MacGowan
Pharmacodynamics of moxifloxacin against anaerobes studied in an in vitro pharmacokinetic model.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2005;49(10):4234-9.
2005: Cláudia N H Marques; Vyvyan C Salisbury; John Greenman; Karen E Bowker; Shona M Nelson
Discrepancy between viable counts and light output as viability measurements, following ciprofloxacin challenge of self-bioluminescent Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 2005;56(4):665-71.
2004: Karen E Bowker; Alan Noel; Timothy R Walsh; Chris A Rogers; Alasdair P MacGowan
Pharmacodynamics of ceftazidime plus the serine beta-lactamase inhibitor AM-112 against Escherichia coli containing TEM-1 and CTX-M-1 beta-lactamases.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2004;48(11):4482-4.
2004: Alasdair P MacGowan; Alan Noel; Chris A Rogers; Karen E Bowker
Antibacterial effects of amoxicillin-clavulanate against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae strains for which MICs are high, in an in vitro pharmacokinetic model.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2004;48(7):2599-603.
2004: Alasdair P MacGowan; Karen E Bowker
In vitro studies on the impact of human serum on the antibacterial effect of faropenem.
Journal of chemotherapy (Florence, Italy) 2004;16(1):23-9.
2003: Karen E Bowker; Alan Noel; Alasdair P MacGowan
In vitro activities of nine peptide deformylase inhibitors and five comparator agents against respiratory and skin pathogens.
International journal of antimicrobial agents 2003;22(6):557-61.
2003: Robin A Howe; Mandy Wootton; Alan Noel; Karen E Bowker; Timothy R Walsh; Alasdair P MacGowan
Activity of AZD2563, a novel oxazolidinone, against Staphylococcus aureus strains with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin or linezolid.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2003;47(11):3651-2.
2003: Alasdair P MacGowan; Karen E Bowker
Mechanism of fluoroquinolone resistance is an important factor in determining the antimicrobial effect of gemifloxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae in an in vitro pharmacokinetic model.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2003;47(3):1096-100.
2003: Alasdair P MacGowan; Chris A Rogers; H Alan Holt; Karen E Bowker
Activities of moxifloxacin against, and emergence of resistance in, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in an in vitro pharmacokinetic model.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2003;47(3):1088-95.
2003: JS Heal; Ashley W Blom; D Titcomb; A Taylor; Karen E Bowker; John R W Hardy
Bacterial contamination of surgical gloves by water droplets spilt after scrubbing.
The Journal of hospital infection 2003;53(2):136-9.
2002: G E Bartlett; T C B Pollard; Karen E Bowker; Gordon C Bannister
Effect of jewellery on surface bacterial counts of operating theatres.
The Journal of hospital infection 2002;52(1):68-70.
2002: Ashley W Blom; Charles Gozzard; JS Heal; Karen E Bowker; CM Estela
Bacterial strike-through of re-usable surgical drapes: the effect of different wetting agents.
The Journal of hospital infection 2002;52(1):52-5.
2002: B J A Lankester; G E Bartlett; N Garneti; Ashley W Blom; Karen E Bowker; Gordon C Bannister
Direct measurement of bacterial penetration through surgical gowns: a new method.
The Journal of hospital infection 2002;50(4):281-5.
2002: Alasdair MacGowan; Karen E Bowker
Developments in PK/PD: optimising efficacy and prevention of resistance. A critical review of PK/PD in in vitro models.
International journal of antimicrobial agents 2002;19(4):291-8.
2002: Karen E Bowker; Mandy Wootton; H Alan Holt; Alasdair P MacGowan
In vitro activity of linezolid against Gram-positive isolates causing infection in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 2002;49(3):578-80.
2002: Mandy Wootton; Karen E Bowker; H Alan Holt; Alasdair P MacGowan
BAL 9141, a new broad-spectrum pyrrolidinone cephalosporin: activity against clinically significant anaerobes in comparison with 10 other antimicrobials.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 2002;49(3):535-9.
2001: Ashley W Blom; B Lankaster; Karen E Bowker; G C Bannis
To disinfect or not to disinfect the foot in total joint arthroplasty of the lower limb.
The Journal of hospital infection 2001;49(4):304-5.
2001: J Turner; Robin A Howe; Mandy Wootton; Karen E Bowker; H Alan Holt; Vyvyan C Salisbury; Peter M Bennett; Timothy R Walsh; Alasdair P MacGowan
The activity of vancomycin against heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus explored using an in vitro pharmacokinetic model.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 2001;48(5):727-30.
2001: Alasdair P MacGowan; Chris A Rogers; H Alan Holt; Mandy Wootton; Karen E Bowker
Pharmacodynamics of gemifloxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae in an in vitro pharmacokinetic model of infection.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2001;45(10):2916-21.
2001: Alasdair P MacGowan; C Rogers; Karen E Bowker
In vitro models, in vivo models, and pharmacokinetics: what can we learn from in vitro models?
Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2001;33 Suppl 3():S214-20.
2000: A Blom; CM Estela; Karen E Bowker; Alasdair P MacGowan; John R W Hardy
The passage of bacteria through surgical drapes.
Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 2000;82(6):405-7.
2000: Alasdair P MacGowan; C Rogers; Karen E Bowker
The use of in vitro pharmacodynamic models of infection to optimize fluoroquinolone dosing regimens.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 2000;46(2):163-70.
2000: Alasdair P MacGowan; C Rogers; H Alan Holt; Mandy Wootton; Karen E Bowker
Assessment of different antibacterial effect measures used in in vitro models of infection and subsequent use in pharmacodynamic correlations for moxifloxacin.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 2000;46(1):73-8.
2000: Elizabeth S R Darley; Karen E Bowker; Andrew M Lovering; J E Harvey; Alasdair P MacGowan
Use of meropenem 3 g once daily for outpatient treatment of infective exacerbations of bronchiectasis.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 2000;45(2):247-50.
1999: Alasdair P MacGowan; Karen E Bowker; Mandy Wootton; H Alan Holt
Exploration of the in-vitro pharmacodynamic activity of moxifloxacin for Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococci of lancefield groups A and G.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 1999;44(6):761-6.
1999: Karen E Bowker; Mandy Wootton; Chris A Rogers; R Lewis; H Alan Holt; Alasdair P MacGowan
Comparison of in-vitro pharmacodynamics of once and twice daily ciprofloxacin.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 1999;44(5):661-7.
1999: Mandy Wootton; Karen E Bowker; A Janowska; H Alan Holt; Alasdair P MacGowan
In-vitro activity of HMR 3647 against Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis and beta-haemolytic streptococci.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 1999;44(4):445-53.
1999: Ashley W Blom; CM Estela; Karen E Bowker; Alasdair P MacGowan; John R W Hardy
A new method of assessing the penetration of bacteria through fabrics used in the operating theatre.
The Journal of hospital infection 1999;43(1):69-70.
1999: Alasdair P MacGowan; Karen E Bowker; Mandy Wootton; H Alan Holt
Activity of moxifloxacin, administered once a day, against Streptococcus pneumoniae in an in vitro pharmacodynamic model of infection.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 1999;43(7):1560-4.
1999: Vyvyan C Salisbury; A Pfoestl; H Wiesinger-Mayr; R Lewis; Karen E Bowker; Alasdair P MacGowan
Use of a clinical Escherichia coli isolate expressing lux genes to study the antimicrobial pharmacodynamics of moxifloxacin.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 1999;43(6):829-32.
1998: A P MacGowan; Karen E Bowker; P M Bennett; A M Lovering
Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance.
Lancet 1998;352(9142):1783.
1998: Alasdair P MacGowan; Karen E Bowker
Continuous infusion of beta-lactam antibiotics.
Clinical pharmacokinetics 1998;35(5):391-402.
1998: Karen E Bowker; H Alan Holt; R J Lewis; DS Reeves; Alasdair P MacGowan
Comparative pharmacodynamics of meropenem using an in-vitro model to simulate once, twice and three times daily dosing in humans.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 1998;42(4):461-7.
1998: Ashley W Blom; Karen E Bowker; M Wooton; Alasdair P MacGowan; E J Smith; Gordon C Bannister
Contamination of wounds by direct inoculation in total hip arthroplasty: a prospective clinical study.
The Journal of hospital infection 1998;40(1):79-80.
1998: PE Gosden; Jenny M Andrews; Karen E Bowker; H Alan Holt; Alasdair P MacGowan; DS Reeves; Julie Sunderland; Richard Wise
Comparison of the modified Stokes' method of susceptibility testing with results obtained using MIC methods and British Society of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy breakpoints.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 1998;42(2):161-9.
1998: Alasdair P MacGowan; Karen E Bowker
Sequential antimicrobial therapy: pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic considerations in sequential therapy.
The Journal of infection 1998;37 Suppl 1():30-6.
1998: Alasdair P MacGowan; Mandy Wootton; Karen E Bowker; H Alan Holt; D Reeves
Ampicillin-aminoglycoside interaction studies using Listeria monocytogenes.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 1998;41(3):417-8.
1998: R A Howe; Karen E Bowker; T R Walsh; Terry Feest; A P MacGowan
Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
Lancet 1998;351(9102):602.
1998: Alasdair P MacGowan; Karen E Bowker; Mandy Wootton; H Alan Holt; DS Reeves
In vitro activities of Y-688, a new 7-substituted fluoroquinolone, against anaerobic bacteria.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 1998;42(2):419-24.
1997: Alasdair P MacGowan; Karen E Bowker; H Alan Holt; Mandy Wootton; DS Reeves
Bay 12-8039, a new 8-methoxy-quinolone: comparative in-vitro activity with nine other antimicrobials against anaerobic bacteria.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 1997;40(4):503-9.
1997: Andrew M Lovering; J Perez; Karen E Bowker; DS Reeves; Alasdair P MacGowan; Gordon C Bannister
A comparison of the penetration of cefuroxime and cephamandole into bone, fat and haematoma fluid in patients undergoing total hip replacement.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 1997;40(1):99-104.
1997: Alasdair P MacGowan; Karen E Bowker
Pharmacodynamics of antimicrobial agents and rationale for their dosing.
Journal of chemotherapy (Florence, Italy) 1997;9 Suppl 1():64-73.
1997: Alasdair P MacGowan; Mandy Wootton; P A James; Karen E Bowker; H Alan Holt; DS Reeves
In vitro methods for confirming reduced susceptibility to cefuroxime among Haemophilus influenzae isolates.
European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology 1997;16(4):328-9.
1997: Alasdair P MacGowan; CM McMullin; P James; Karen E Bowker; D Reeves; L White
External quality assessment of the serum bactericidal test: results of a methodology/interpretation questionnaire.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 1997;39(2):277-84.
1997: EM Jones; Karen E Bowker; R Cooke; R J Marshall; DS Reeves; Alasdair P MacGowan
Salt tolerance of EMRSA-16 and its effect on the sensitivity of screening cultures.
The Journal of hospital infection 1997;35(1):59-62.
1996: Karen E Bowker; H Alan Holt; DS Reeves; Alasdair P MacGowan
Bactericidal activity, post antibiotic effect and modified controlled effective regrowth time of meropenem at high concentrations.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 1996;38(6):1055-60.
1996: Alasdair P MacGowan; Karen E Bowker; Andrew M Lovering; I M Brown; E S Darley; DS Reeves; J E Harvey
Once-a-day carbapenem therapy.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 1996;38(2):327-8.
1996: Karen E Bowker; Mandy Wootton; H Alan Holt; DS Reeves; Alasdair P MacGowan
The in-vitro activity of trovafloxacin and nine other antimicrobials against 413 anaerobic bacteria.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 1996;38(2):271-81.
1996: Alasdair P MacGowan; Mandy Wootton; A J Hedges; Karen E Bowker; H Alan Holt; DS Reeves
A new time-kill method of assessing the relative efficacy of antimicrobial agents alone and in combination developed using a representative beta-lactam, aminoglycoside and fluoroquinolone.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 1996;38(2):193-203.
1996: M J Hubble; AE Weale; J V Perez; Karen E Bowker; Alasdair P MacGowan; Gordon C Bannister
Clothing in laminar-flow operating theatres.
The Journal of hospital infection 1996;32(1):1-7.
1995: K O'Donoghue; Karen E Bowker; J McLauchlin; DS Reeves; P M Bennett; Alasdair P MacGowan
Typing of Listeria monocytogenes by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis.
International journal of food microbiology 1995;27(2-3):245-52.
1995: Mandy Wootton; A J Hedges; Karen E Bowker; H Alan Holt; DS Reeves; Alasdair P MacGowan
A critical assessment of the agar dilution chequerboard technique for studying in-vitro antimicrobial interactions using a representative beta-lactam, aminoglycoside and fluoroquinolone.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 1995;35(5):569-76.
1995: Alasdair P MacGowan; Karen E Bowker; K A Bedford; H Alan Holt; DS Reeves; A Hedges
The comparative inhibitory and bactericidal activities of meropenem and imipenem against Acinetobacter spp. and Enterobacteriaceae resistant to second generation cephalosporins.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 1995;35(2):333-7.
1994: H Alan Holt; LO White; K A Bedford; Karen E Bowker; DS Reeves; Alasdair P MacGowan
An evaluation of three new immunoassays for determination of serum gentamicin concentrations.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 1994;34(5):747-54.
1994: Alasdair P MacGowan; Karen E Bowker; J McLauchlin; P M Bennett; DS Reeves
The occurrence and seasonal changes in the isolation of Listeria spp. in shop bought food stuffs, human faeces, sewage and soil from urban sources.
International journal of food microbiology 1994;21(4):325-34.
1994: H Alan Holt; Karen E Bowker; K A Bedford; DS Reeves; Alasdair P MacGowan
Comparison of E test with conventional agar MICs for quinolones.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 1994;33(2):356.
1993: A R MacGowan; Karen E Bowker; K A Bedford; H Alan Holt; DS Reeves
Synergy testing of macrolide combinations using the chequerboard technique.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 1993;32(6):913-5.
1993: P N Levett; P Bennett; K O'Donaghue; Karen E Bowker; D Reeves; Alasdair P MacGowan
Relapsed infection due to Listeria monocytogenes confirmed by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis.
The Journal of infection 1993;27(2):205-7.