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Tim Skern

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Marc H V van Regenmortel; H Josef Vetten; Hans-Wolfgang Ackermann; Charles H Calisher; Ralf G Dietzgen; Marian C Horzinek; Gunther M Keil; Brian W J Mahy; Giovanni P Martelli; Frederick A Murphy; Craig Pringle; Bert K Rima; Tim Skern; Scott C Weaver
Virus species polemics: 14 senior virologists oppose a proposed change to the ICTV definition of virus species.
Martina Kurz; Nikolas Stefan; Junping Zhu; Tim Skern
NS2B/3 proteolysis at the C-prM junction of the tick-borne encephalitis virus polyprotein is highly membrane dependent.
Sabrina Schrauf; Martina Kurz; Christian W Mandl; Christian Taucher; Tim Skern
Generation and genetic stability of tick-borne encephalitis virus mutants dependent on processing by the foot-and-mouth disease virus 3C protease.

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All Publications

2013: Marc H V van Regenmortel; H Josef Vetten; Hans-Wolfgang Ackermann; Charles H Calisher; Ralf G Dietzgen; Marian C Horzinek; Gunther M Keil; Brian W J Mahy; Giovanni P Martelli; Frederick A Murphy; Craig Pringle; Bert K Rima; Tim Skern; Scott C Weaver
Virus species polemics: 14 senior virologists oppose a proposed change to the ICTV definition of virus species.
Archives of virology 2013;158(5):1115-9.
2012: Martina Kurz; Nikolas Stefan; Junping Zhu; Tim Skern
NS2B/3 proteolysis at the C-prM junction of the tick-borne encephalitis virus polyprotein is highly membrane dependent.
Virus research 2012;168(1-2):48-55.
2012: Sabrina Schrauf; Martina Kurz; Christian W Mandl; Christian Taucher; Tim Skern
Generation and genetic stability of tick-borne encephalitis virus mutants dependent on processing by the foot-and-mouth disease virus 3C protease.
The Journal of general virology 2012;93(Pt 3):504-15.
2012: Jorge Alexandre Nogueira Santos; Tim Skern; Maria A Juliano; Diego M Assis; Iuri E Gouvea; Mario Augusto Izidoro; Wagner A S Júdice; Luiz Juliano
Foot and mouth disease leader protease (Lbpro): Investigation of prime side specificity allows the synthesis of a potent inhibitor.
Biochimie 2012;94(3):711-8.
2012: Natalia Redondo; Miguel Angel Sanz; Tim Skern; Jutta Steinberger; Yuri Kusov; Luis Carrasco
Translation directed by hepatitis A virus IRES in the absence of active eIF4F complex and eIF2.
PloS one 2012;7(12):e52065.
2010: Marc H V van Regenmortel; Donald S. Burke; Charles H Calisher; Ralf G Dietzgen; Claude M Fauquet; Said A Ghabrial; Peter B Jahrling; Karl M Johnson; Michael R Holbrook; Marian C Horzinek; Günther M Keil; Jens H Kuhn; Brian W J Mahy; Giovanni P Martelli; Craig Pringle; Edward Rybicki; Tim Skern; Robert B Tesh; Victoria Wahl-Jensen; Peter J Walker; Scott C Weaver
A proposal to change existing virus species names to non-Latinized binomials.
Archives of virology 2010;155(11):1909-19.
2010: Nogi Park; Tim Skern; Kurt E Gustin
Specific cleavage of the nuclear pore complex protein Nup62 by a viral protease.
The Journal of biological chemistry 2010;285(37):28796-805.
2010: Tim Skern
100 years poliovirus: from discovery to eradication. A meeting report.
Archives of virology 2010;155(9):1371-81.
2010: manisha singh; Seung-Hyo Lee; Paul C Porter; Chuang Xu; Ayako Ohno; Robert L Atmar; Stephen B Greenberg; Venkata Bandi; Jim Gern; Svetlana Amineva; Alex Aminev; Tim Skern; Pamela Smithwick; Sarah Perusich; Nadia Barrow; Luz Roberts; David B Corry; Farrah Kheradmand
Human rhinovirus proteinase 2A induces TH1 and TH2 immunity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology 2010;125(6):1369-1378.e2.
2009: Sabrina Schrauf; Christian W Mandl; Lesley Bell-Sakyi; Tim Skern
Extension of flavivirus protein C differentially affects early RNA synthesis and growth in mammalian and arthropod host cells.
Journal of virology 2009;83(21):11201-10.
2009: Jorge A N Santos; Iuri E Gouvea; Wagner A S Júdice; Mario A Izidoro; Fabiana M Alves; Robson L Melo; Maria A Juliano; Tim Skern; Luiz Juliano
Hydrolytic properties and substrate specificity of the foot-and-mouth disease leader protease.
Biochemistry 2009;48(33):7948-58.
2009: Gernot Kriegshäuser; Ernst Kuechler; Tim Skern
Aggregation-associated loss of antigenicity observed for denatured virion protein 1 of Equine rhinitis A virus in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Virus research 2009;143(1):130-3.
2008: Petra Schlick; Tim Skern
Investigating human immunodeficiency virus-1 proteinase specificity at positions P4 to P2 using a bacterial screening system.
Analytical biochemistry 2008;377(2):162-9.
2008: Gernot Kriegshäuser; Anne Cullinane; Ernst Kuechler; Tim Skern
Denatured virion protein 1 of equine rhinitis B virus 1 contains authentic B-cell epitopes recognised in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay--short communication.
Acta veterinaria Hungarica 2008;56(2):265-70.
2008: Christina Mayer; David Neubauer; Aloysius T Nchinda; Regina Cencic; Katja Trompf; Tim Skern
Residue L143 of the foot-and-mouth disease virus leader proteinase is a determinant of cleavage specificity.
Journal of virology 2008;82(9):4656-9.
2008: Sabrina Schrauf; Petra Schlick; Tim Skern; Christian W Mandl
Functional analysis of potential carboxy-terminal cleavage sites of tick-borne encephalitis virus capsid protein.
Journal of virology 2008;82(5):2218-29.
2008: Nogi Park; Pavan Katikaneni; Tim Skern; Kurt E. Gustin
Differential targeting of nuclear pore complex proteins in poliovirus-infected cells.
Journal of virology 2008;82(4):1647-55.
2007: Regina Cencic; Christina Mayer; Maria A Juliano; Luiz Juliano; Robert Konrat; Georg Kontaxis; Tim Skern
Investigating the substrate specificity and oligomerisation of the leader protease of foot and mouth disease virus using NMR.
Journal of molecular biology 2007;373(4):1071-87.
2006: Carla Sousa; Eva M Schmid; Tim Skern
Defining residues involved in human rhinovirus 2A proteinase substrate recognition.
FEBS letters 2006;580(24):5713-7.
2006: Luiza Deszcz; Regina Cencic; Carla Sousa; Ernst Kuechler; Tim Skern
An antiviral peptide inhibitor that is active against picornavirus 2A proteinases but not cellular caspases.
Journal of virology 2006;80(19):9619-27.
2006: Nicola J Baxter; Andreas Roetzer; Hans-Dieter Liebig; Svetlana E Sedelnikova; Andrea M Hounslow; Tim Skern; Jonathan P Waltho
Structure and dynamics of coxsackievirus B4 2A proteinase, an enyzme involved in the etiology of heart disease.
Journal of virology 2006;80(3):1451-62.
2005: Nicole Foeger; Elisabeth Kuehnel; Regina Cencic; Tim Skern
The binding of foot-and-mouth disease virus leader proteinase to eIF4GI involves conserved ionic interactions.
The FEBS journal 2005;272(10):2602-11.
2005: Gernot Kriegshäuser; Armin Deutz; Ernst Kuechler; Tim Skern; Helga Lussy; Norbert Nowotny
Prevalence of neutralizing antibodies to Equine rhinitis A and B virus in horses and man.
Veterinary microbiology 2005;106(3-4):293-6.
2004: Elisabeth Kuehnel; Regina Cencic; Nicole Foeger; Tim Skern
Foot-and-mouth disease virus leader proteinase: specificity at the P2 and P3 positions and comparison with other papain-like enzymes.
Biochemistry 2004;43(36):11482-90.
2004: Alessandra Gradi; Nicole Foeger; Rebecca Strong; Yuri V Svitkin; Nahum Sonenberg; Tim Skern; Graham J Belsham
Cleavage of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4GII within foot-and-mouth disease virus-infected cells: identification of the L-protease cleavage site in vitro.
Journal of virology 2004;78(7):3271-8.
2003: Gernot Kriegshäuser; Gordana Wutz; Susan M Lea; David Stuart; Tim Skern; Ernst Kuechler
Model of the equine rhinitis A virus capsid: identification of a major neutralizing immunogenic site.
The Journal of general virology 2003;84(Pt 9):2365-73.
2003: Nicole Foeger; Eva M Schmid; Tim Skern
Human rhinovirus 2 2Apro recognition of eukaryotic initiation factor 4GI. Involvement of an exosite.
The Journal of biological chemistry 2003;278(35):33200-7.
2003: Alessandra Gradi; Yuri V Svitkin; Wolfgang Sommergruber; Hiroaki Imataka; Shigenobu Morino; Tim Skern; Nahum Sonenberg
Human rhinovirus 2A proteinase cleavage sites in eukaryotic initiation factors (eIF) 4GI and eIF4GII are different.
Journal of virology 2003;77(8):5026-9.
2003: Walter Glaser; Andrea Triendl; Tim Skern
The processing of eIF4GI by human rhinovirus type 2 2A(pro): relationship to self-cleavage and role of zinc.
Journal of virology 2003;77(8):5021-5.
2002: Nicole Foeger; Walter Glaser; Tim Skern
Recognition of eukaryotic initiation factor 4G isoforms by picornaviral proteinases.
The Journal of biological chemistry 2002;277(46):44300-9.
2002: Petra Schlick; Tim Skern
Eukaryotic initiation factor 4GI is a poor substrate for HIV-1 proteinase.
FEBS letters 2002;529(2-3):337-40.
2002: Jakub Kronovetr; Tim Skern
Foot-and-mouth disease virus leader proteinase: a papain-like enzyme requiring an acidic environment in the active site.
FEBS letters 2002;528(1-3):58-62.
2002: Petra Schlick; Jakub Kronovetr; Bernhard Hampoelz; Tim Skern
Modulation of the electrostatic charge at the active site of foot-and-mouth-disease-virus leader proteinase, an unusual papain-like enzyme.
The Biochemical journal 2002;363(Pt 3):493-501.
2001: R Schneider; V I Agol; R Andino; F Bayard; D R Cavener; S A Chappell; J J Chen; J L Darlix; A Dasgupta; O Donzé; R Duncan; O Elroy-Stein; Philip J Farabaugh; W Filipowicz; M Gale; L Gehrke; E Goldman; Y Groner; J B Harford; M Hatzglou; B He; C U Hellen; M W Hentze; J Hershey; P Hershey; T Hohn; Martin Holcik; C P Hunter; K Igarashi; R Jackson; R Jagus; L S Jefferson; B Joshi; R Kaempfer; M Katze; R J Kaufman; M Kiledjian; S R Kimball; A Kimchi; K Kirkegaard; A E Koromilas; R M Krug; V Kruys; B J Lamphear; S Lemon; R E Lloyd; L E Maquat; E Martinez-Salas; M B Mathews; V P Mauro; S Miyamoto; I Mohr; D R Morris; E G Moss; N Nakashima; A Palmenberg; N T Parkin; T Pe'ery; J Pelletier; S Peltz; T V Pestova; Evgeny Pilipenko; A C Prats; V Racaniello; G S Read; R E Rhoads; J D Richter; R Rivera-Pomar; T Rouault; A Sachs; P Sarnow; G C Scheper; L Schiff; D R Schoenberg; B L Semler; A Siddiqui; Tim Skern; N Sonenberg; W Sossin; N Standart; Stanley Tahara; A A Thomas; J J Toulmé; J Wilusz; E Wimmer; G Witherell; M Wormington
New ways of initiating translation in eukaryotes.
Molecular and cellular biology 2001;21(23):8238-46.
2001: Walter Glaser; Regina Cencic; Tim Skern
Foot-and-mouth disease virus leader proteinase: involvement of C-terminal residues in self-processing and cleavage of eIF4GI.
The Journal of biological chemistry 2001;276(38):35473-81.
2000: Alba Guarné; Bernhard Hampoelz; Walter Glaser; Xavier Carpena; J Tormo; Ignacio Fita; Tim Skern
Structural and biochemical features distinguish the foot-and-mouth disease virus leader proteinase from other papain-like enzymes.
Journal of molecular biology 2000;302(5):1227-40.
2000: Zsuzsa Sárkány; Tim Skern; László Polgár
Characterization of the active site thiol group of rhinovirus 2A proteinase.
FEBS letters 2000;481(3):289-92.
2000: Walter Glaser; Tim Skern
Extremely efficient cleavage of eIF4G by picornaviral proteinases L and 2A in vitro.
FEBS letters 2000;480(2-3):151-5.
1999: JF Petersen; Maia M Cherney; Hans-Dieter Liebig; Tim Skern; Ernst Kuechler; Michael N G James
The structure of the 2A proteinase from a common cold virus: a proteinase responsible for the shut-off of host-cell protein synthesis.
The EMBO journal 1999;18(20):5463-75.
1999: Joachim Seipelt; Alba Guarné; E Bergmann; M James; Wolfgang Sommergruber; Ignacio Fita; Tim Skern
The structures of picornaviral proteinases.
Virus research 1999;62(2):159-68.
1999: Sarah L Hunt; Tim Skern; Hans-Dieter Liebig; Ernst Kuechler; Richard J Jackson
Rhinovirus 2A proteinase mediated stimulation of rhinovirus RNA translation is additive to the stimulation effected by cellular RNA binding proteins.
Virus research 1999;62(2):119-28.
1999: Markus Posch; H Sutterluety; Tim Skern; Christian Seiser
Characterization of the translation-dependent step during iron-regulated decay of transferrin receptor mRNA.
The Journal of biological chemistry 1999;274(23):16611-8.
1998: Alba Guarné; J Tormo; R Kirchweger; D Pfistermueller; Ignacio Fita; Tim Skern
Structure of the foot-and-mouth disease virus leader protease: a papain-like fold adapted for self-processing and eIF4G recognition.
The EMBO journal 1998;17(24):7469-79.
1998: Tim Skern; Ignacio Fita; Alba Guarné
A structural model of picornavirus leader proteinases based on papain and bleomycin hydrolase.
The Journal of general virology 1998;79 ( Pt 2)():301-7.
1997: Wolfgang Sommergruber; Joachim Seipelt; F Fessl; Tim Skern; Hans-Dieter Liebig; G Casari
Mutational analyses support a model for the HRV2 2A proteinase.
Virology 1997;234(2):203-14.
1997: Andrew M Borman; R Kirchweger; E Ziegler; R E Rhoads; Tim Skern; Katherine M Kean
elF4G and its proteolytic cleavage products: effect on initiation of protein synthesis from capped, uncapped, and IRES-containing mRNAs.
RNA (New York, N.Y.) 1997;3(2):186-96.
1996: A Haghighat; Yuri V Svitkin; I Novoa; Ernst Kuechler; Tim Skern; Nahum Sonenberg
The eIF4G-eIF4E complex is the target for direct cleavage by the rhinovirus 2A proteinase.
Journal of virology 1996;70(12):8444-50.
1996: L Rydlander; E Ziegler; T Bergman; E Schöberl; G Steiner; A C Bergman; A Zetterberg; M Marberger; P Björklund; Tim Skern; R Einarsson; H Jörnvall
Molecular characterization of a tissue-polypeptide-specific-antigen epitope and its relationship to human cytokeratin 18.
European journal of biochemistry / FEBS 1996;241(2):309-14.
1996: Alba Guarné; R Kirchweger; Nuria Verdaguer; Hans-Dieter Liebig; Dieter Blaas; Tim Skern; Ignacio Fita
Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction studies of the Lb proteinase from foot-and-mouth disease virus.
Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society 1996;5(9):1931-3.
1996: M Luderer-Gmach; Hans-Dieter Liebig; Wolfgang Sommergruber; T Voss; F Fessl; Tim Skern; Ernst Kuechler
Human rhinovirus 2A proteinase mutant and its second-site revertants.
The Biochemical journal 1996;318 ( Pt 1)():213-8.
1996: G Wutz; H Auer; Norbert Nowotny; B Grosse; Tim Skern; Ernst Kuechler
Equine rhinovirus serotypes 1 and 2: relationship to each other and to aphthoviruses and cardioviruses.
The Journal of general virology 1996;77 ( Pt 8)():1719-30.
1996: H Klump; H Auer; Hans-Dieter Liebig; Ernst Kuechler; Tim Skern
Proteolytically active 2A proteinase of human rhinovirus 2 is toxic for Saccharomyces cerevisiae but does not cleave the homologues of eIF-4 gamma in vivo or in vitro.
Virology 1996;220(1):109-18.
1995: E Ziegler; Andrew M Borman; F G Deliat; Hans-Dieter Liebig; D Jugovic; Katherine M Kean; Tim Skern; Ernst Kuechler
Picornavirus 2A proteinase-mediated stimulation of internal initiation of translation is dependent on enzymatic activity and the cleavage products of cellular proteins.
Virology 1995;213(2):549-57.
1995: Barry J Lamphear; R Kirchweger; Tim Skern; Robert E Rhoads
Mapping of functional domains in eukaryotic protein synthesis initiation factor 4G (eIF4G) with picornaviral proteases. Implications for cap-dependent and cap-independent translational initiation.
The Journal of biological chemistry 1995;270(37):21975-83.
1995: E Ziegler; Andrew M Borman; R Kirchweger; Tim Skern; Katherine M Kean
Foot-and-mouth disease virus Lb proteinase can stimulate rhinovirus and enterovirus IRES-driven translation and cleave several proteins of cellular and viral origin.
Journal of virology 1995;69(6):3465-74.
1994: Wolfgang Sommergruber; G Casari; F Fessl; Joachim Seipelt; Tim Skern
The 2A proteinase of human rhinovirus is a zinc containing enzyme.
Virology 1994;204(2):815-8.
1994: Tim Skern; Hans-Dieter Liebig
Picornains 2A and 3C.
Methods in enzymology 1994;244():583-95.
1993: M Duechler; S Ketter; Tim Skern; Ernst Kuechler; Dieter Blaas
Rhinoviral receptor discrimination: mutational changes in the canyon regions of human rhinovirus types 2 and 14 indicate a different site of interaction.
The Journal of general virology 1993;74 ( Pt 10)():2287-91.
1993: Barry J Lamphear; Riqiang Yan; F Yang; D Waters; Hans-Dieter Liebig; H Klump; Ernst Kuechler; Tim Skern; Robert E Rhoads
Mapping the cleavage site in protein synthesis initiation factor eIF-4 gamma of the 2A proteases from human Coxsackievirus and rhinovirus.
The Journal of biological chemistry 1993;268(26):19200-3.
1992: Wolfgang Sommergruber; Horst Ahorn; A Zöphel; I Maurer-Fogy; F Fessl; G Schnorrenberg; Hans-Dieter Liebig; Dieter Blaas; Ernst Kuechler; Tim Skern
Cleavage specificity on synthetic peptide substrates of human rhinovirus 2 proteinase 2A.
The Journal of biological chemistry 1992;267(31):22639-44.
1992: J Tormo; E Stadler; Tim Skern; H Auer; O Kanzler; C Betzel; Dieter Blaas; Ignacio Fita
Three-dimensional structure of the Fab fragment of a neutralizing antibody to human rhinovirus serotype 2.
Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society 1992;1(9):1154-61.
1992: M Luderer; Hans-Dieter Liebig; Wolfgang Sommergruber; Dieter Blaas; Ernst Kuechler; Tim Skern
Using proteinase trapping to detect revertants of inactive rhinoviral 2A proteinase mutants.
Biological chemistry Hoppe-Seyler 1992;373(7):523-8.
1991: Tim Skern; H Torgersen; H Auer; Ernst Kuechler; Dieter Blaas
Human rhinovirus mutants resistant to low pH.
Virology 1991;183(2):757-63.
1991: Hans-Dieter Liebig; Tim Skern; M Luderer; Wolfgang Sommergruber; Dieter Blaas; Ernst Kuechler
Proteinase trapping: screening for viral proteinase mutants by alpha complementation.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1991;88(14):5979-83.
1991: Heinrich Kovar; Gunhild Jug; H Auer; Tim Skern; Dieter Blaas
Two dimensional single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis: a useful tool for the detection of mutations in long DNA fragments.
Nucleic acids research 1991;19(13):3507-10.
1991: Tim Skern; Wolfgang Sommergruber; H Auer; P Volkmann; M Zorn; Hans-Dieter Liebig; F Fessl; Dieter Blaas; Ernst Kuechler
Substrate requirements of a human rhinoviral 2A proteinase.
Virology 1991;181(1):46-54.
1990: Tim Skern; R Bischoff; S Jallat; K Dott; D Ali-Hadji; D Clesse; Marie Paule Kieny; M Courtney
Sulphation of hirudin in BHK cells.
FEBS letters 1990;275(1-2):36-8.
1990: Tim Skern; M Zorn; D Blaas; E Kuechler; Wolfgang Sommergruber
Protease or protease inhibitor?
Nature 1990;344(6261):26.
1990: P Auvinen; T Ziegler; Tim Skern; Ernst Kuechler; Glyn Stanway; Timo Hyypiä
Identification of rhinoviruses by cDNA probes.
Journal of virological methods 1990;27(1):61-8.
1989: H Torgersen; Tim Skern; Dieter Blaas
Typing of human rhinoviruses based on sequence variations in the 5' non-coding region.
The Journal of general virology 1989;70 ( Pt 11)():3111-6.
1989: Wolfgang Sommergruber; M Zorn; Dieter Blaas; F Fessl; P Volkmann; I Maurer-Fogy; P Pallai; V Merluzzi; M Matteo; Tim Skern
Polypeptide 2A of human rhinovirus type 2: identification as a protease and characterization by mutational analysis.
Virology 1989;169(1):68-77.
1989: H Torgersen; Dieter Blaas; Tim Skern
Low cost apparatus for primer-directed DNA amplification using Thermus aquaticus-DNA polymerase.
Analytical biochemistry 1989;176(1):33-5.
1989: M Duechler; Tim Skern; Dieter Blaas; B Berger; Wolfgang Sommergruber; Ernst Kuechler
Human rhinovirus serotype 2: in vitro synthesis of an infectious RNA.
Virology 1989;168(1):159-61.
1987: M Duechler; Tim Skern; Wolfgang Sommergruber; C Neubauer; P Gruendler; I Fogy; Dieter Blaas; Ernst Kuechler
Evolutionary relationships within the human rhinovirus genus: comparison of serotypes 89, 2, and 14.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1987;84(9):2605-9.
1987: Tim Skern; C Neubauer; L Frasel; P Gründler; Wolfgang Sommergruber; M Zorn; Ernst Kuechler; Dieter Blaas
A neutralizing epitope on human rhinovirus type 2 includes amino acid residues between 153 and 164 of virus capsid protein VP2.
The Journal of general virology 1987;68 ( Pt 2)():315-23.
1987: Tim Skern; M Duechler; Wolfgang Sommergruber; Dieter Blaas; Ernst Kuechler
The molecular biology of human rhinoviruses.
Biochemical Society symposium 1987;53():63-73.
1985: Tim Skern; Wolfgang Sommergruber; Dieter Blaas; P Gruendler; F Fraundorfer; C Pieler; I Fogy; Ernst Kuechler
Human rhinovirus 2: complete nucleotide sequence and proteolytic processing signals in the capsid protein region.
Nucleic acids research 1985;13(6):2111-26.
1984: Tim Skern; Wolfgang Sommergruber; Dieter Blaas; C Pieler; Ernst Kuechler
Relationship of human rhinovirus strain 2 and poliovirus as indicated by comparison of the polymerase gene regions.
Virology 1984;136(1):125-32.
1980: Tim Skern; A D Malcolm
RNA polymerase-binding sites on the bacterial plasmid pMB9.
Biochemical Society transactions 1980;8(6):738-9.