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Geoffrey Codd

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James S Metcalf; Sandra Anne Banack; K Kotut; Lothar Krienitz; Geoffrey A Codd
Amino acid neurotoxins in feathers of the Lesser Flamingo, Phoeniconaias minor.
James S Metcalf; R Richer; P A Cox; Geoffrey A Codd
Cyanotoxins in desert environments may present a risk to human health.
Natasha Latysheva; William J Palmer; Geoffrey A Codd; Vivien L Junker; Daniel Barker
The evolution of nitrogen fixation in cyanobacteria.

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2013: James S Metcalf; Sandra Anne Banack; K Kotut; Lothar Krienitz; Geoffrey A Codd
Amino acid neurotoxins in feathers of the Lesser Flamingo, Phoeniconaias minor.
Chemosphere 2013;90(2):835-9.
2012: James S Metcalf; R Richer; P A Cox; Geoffrey A Codd
Cyanotoxins in desert environments may present a risk to human health.
The Science of the total environment 2012;421-422():118-23.
2012: Natasha Latysheva; William J Palmer; Geoffrey A Codd; Vivien L Junker; Daniel Barker
The evolution of nitrogen fixation in cyanobacteria.
Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) 2012;28(5):603-6.
2010: Sandra Anne Banack; T G Downing; Z Spácil; E L Purdie; James S Metcalf; S Downing; M Esterhuizen; Geoffrey A Codd; Paul Alan Cox
Distinguishing the cyanobacterial neurotoxin beta-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) from its structural isomer 2,4-diaminobutyric acid (2,4-DAB).
Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology 2010;56(6):868-79.
2010: Jeroen Van Wichelen; Ineke Van Gremberghe; Pieter Vanormelingen; Ann-Eline Debeer; Bruno Leporcq; Diana Menzel; Geoffrey A Codd; Jean-Pierre Descy; Wim Vyverman
Strong effects of amoebae grazing on the biomass and genetic structure of a Microcystis bloom (Cyanobacteria).
Environmental microbiology 2010;12(10):2797-813.
2009: E L Purdie; S Samsudin; F Brian Eddy; Geoffrey A Codd
Effects of the cyanobacterial neurotoxin beta-N-methylamino-L-alanine on the early-life stage development of zebrafish (Danio rerio).
Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 2009;95(4):279-84.
2009: Esme L Purdie; Fiona M Young; Diana Menzel; Geoffrey A Codd
A method for acetonitrile-free microcystin analysis and purification by high-performance liquid chromatography, using methanol as mobile phase.
Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology 2009;54(6):887-90.
2009: Paul Alan Cox; Renee Richer; James S Metcalf; Sandra Anne Banack; Geoffrey A Codd; Walter G Bradley
Cyanobacteria and BMAA exposure from desert dust: a possible link to sporadic ALS among Gulf War veterans.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis : official publication of the World Federation of Neurology Research Group on Motor Neuron Diseases 2009;10 Suppl 2():109-17.
2009: James S Metcalf; Geoffrey A Codd
Cyanobacteria, neurotoxins and water resources: are there implications for human neurodegenerative disease?
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis : official publication of the World Federation of Neurology Research Group on Motor Neuron Diseases 2009;10 Suppl 2():74-8.
2009: Esme L Purdie; James S Metcalf; Shereen Kashmiri; Geoffrey A Codd
Toxicity of the cyanobacterial neurotoxin beta-N-methylamino-L-alanine to three aquatic animal species.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis : official publication of the World Federation of Neurology Research Group on Motor Neuron Diseases 2009;10 Suppl 2():67-70.
2008: James S Metcalf; Sandra Anne Banack; Jaime Lindsay; Louise F Morrison; Paul Alan Cox; Geoffrey A Codd
Co-occurrence of beta-N-methylamino-L-alanine, a neurotoxic amino acid with other cyanobacterial toxins in British waterbodies, 1990-2004.
Environmental microbiology 2008;10(3):702-8.
2007: Gretchen D Onstad; Sabine Strauch; Jussi Meriluoto; Geoffrey A Codd; Urs von Gunten
Selective oxidation of key functional groups in cyanotoxins during drinking water ozonation.
Environmental science & technology 2007;41(12):4397-404.
2006: J Lindsay; James S Metcalf; Geoffrey A Codd
Protection against the toxicity of microcystin-LR and cylindrospermopsin in Artemia salina and Daphnia spp. by pre-treatment with cyanobacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology 2006;48(8):995-1001.
2006: Lisa Spoof; Katri A Berg; Jarkko Rapala; Kirsti Lahti; Liisa Lepistö; James S Metcalf; Geoffrey A Codd; Jussi Meriluoto
First observation of cylindrospermopsin in Anabaena lapponica isolated from the boreal environment (Finland).
Environmental toxicology 2006;21(6):552-60.
2006: Vesa O Sipiä; Olli Sjövall; Terhi Valtonen; Deborah L Barnaby; Geoffrey A Codd; James S Metcalf; Mikael Kilpi; Olli Mustonen; Jussi Meriluoto
Analysis of nodularin-R in eider (Somateria mollissima), roach (Rutilus rutilus L.), and flounder (Platichthys flesus L.) liver and muscle samples from the western Gulf of Finland, northern Baltic Sea.
Environmental toxicology and chemistry / SETAC 2006;25(11):2834-9.
2006: Fiona M Young; James S Metcalf; Jussi Meriluoto; Lisa Spoof; Louise F Morrison; Geoffrey A Codd
Production of antibodies against microcystin-RR for the assessment of purified microcystins and cyanobacterial environmental samples.
Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology 2006;48(3):295-306.
2006: James S Metcalf; Jussi Meriluoto; Geoffrey A Codd
Legal and security requirements for the air transportation of cyanotoxins and toxigenic cyanobacterial cells for legitimate research and analytical purposes.
Toxicology letters 2006;163(2):85-90.
2006: Thijs Kuiken; S Kennedy; Thomas Barrett; M W G van de Bildt; F H Borgsteede; Simon D Brew; Geoffrey A Codd; C Duck; Robert Deaville; T Eybatov; Morag A Forsyth; G Foster; Paul D Jepson; A Kydyrmanov; I Mitrofanov; Clive J Ward; S Wilson; A D M E Osterhaus
The 2000 canine distemper epidemic in Caspian seals (Phoca caspica): pathology and analysis of contributory factors.
Veterinary pathology 2006;43(3):321-38.
2006: Reyhan Akcaalan; Fiona M Young; James S Metcalf; Louise F Morrison; Meric Albay; Geoffrey A Codd
Microcystin analysis in single filaments of Planktothrix spp. in laboratory cultures and environmental blooms.
Water research 2006;40(8):1583-90.
2006: Kunimitsu Kaya; Louise F Morrison; Geoffrey A Codd; James S Metcalf; Tomoharu Sano; Hiroo Takagi; Takuya Kubo
A novel biosurfactant, 2-acyloxyethylphosphonate, isolated from waterblooms of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 2006;11(7):539-48.
2006: Louise F Morrison; G Parkin; Geoffrey A Codd
Optimization of anabaenopeptin extraction from cyanobacteria and the effect of methanol on laboratory manipulation.
Peptides 2006;27(1):10-7.
2005: C James Hastie; Emma B Borthwick; Louise F Morrison; Geoffrey A Codd; Patricia T W Cohen
Inhibition of several protein phosphatases by a non-covalently interacting microcystin and a novel cyanobacterial peptide, nostocyclin.
Biochimica et biophysica acta 2005;1726(2):187-93.
2005: Fiona M Young; Calcum Thomson; James S Metcalf; John M Lucocq; Geoffrey A Codd
Immunogold localisation of microcystins in cryosectioned cells of Microcystis.
Journal of structural biology 2005;151(2):208-14.
2005: Meric Albay; Alexandre Matthiensen; Geoffrey A Codd
Occurrence of toxic blue-green algae in the Kucukcekmece lagoon (Istanbul, Turkey).
Environmental toxicology 2005;20(3):277-84.
2005: Paul Alan Cox; Sandra Anne Banack; Susan J Murch; Ulla Rasmussen; Georgia Tien; Robert Richard Bidigare; James S Metcalf; Louise F Morrison; Geoffrey A Codd; Birgitta Bergman
Diverse taxa of cyanobacteria produce beta-N-methylamino-L-alanine, a neurotoxic amino acid.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2005;102(14):5074-8.
2005: Geoffrey A Codd; Louise F Morrison; James S Metcalf
Cyanobacterial toxins: risk management for health protection.
Toxicology and applied pharmacology 2005;203(3):264-72.
2005: Tomoharu Sano; Hiroo Takagi; Louise F Morrison; James S Metcalf; Geoffrey A Codd; Kunimitsu Kaya
Leucine aminopeptidase M inhibitors, cyanostatin A and B, isolated from cyanobacterial water blooms in Scotland.
Phytochemistry 2005;66(5):543-8.
2004: Andrea Törökné; Maria Asztalos; Maria Bánkiné; Heike Bickel; George Borbély; Shmuel Carmeli; Geoffrey A Codd; Jutta Fastner; Qiong Huang; Andrew Humpage; James S Metcalf; Erzsebet Rábai; Assaf Sukenik; Gyula Surányi; Gábor Vasas; Viktor Weiszfeiler
Interlaboratory comparison trial on cylindrospermopsin measurement.
Analytical biochemistry 2004;332(2):280-4.
2004: James S Metcalf; Abdellah Barakate; Geoffrey A Codd
Inhibition of plant protein synthesis by the cyanobacterial hepatotoxin, cylindrospermopsin.
FEMS microbiology letters 2004;235(1):125-9.
2004: Tom Pennycott; Fiona M Young; James S Metcalf; Geoffrey A Codd
Necrotic enteritis in mute swans associated with cyanobacterial toxins.
The Veterinary record 2004;154(18):575-6.
2004: Martin Saker; James S Metcalf; Geoffrey A Codd; Vitor Vasconcelos
Accumulation and depuration of the cyanobacterial toxin cylindrospermopsin in the freshwater mussel Anodonta cygnea.
Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology 2004;43(2):185-94.
2003: J H Best; F Brian Eddy; Geoffrey A Codd
Effects of Microcystis cells, cell extracts and lipopolysaccharide on drinking and liver function in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum.
Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 2003;64(4):419-26.
2003: Per Hyenstrand; Thomas Rohrlack; Kenneth A Beattie; James S Metcalf; Geoffrey A Codd; Kirsten Christoffersen
Laboratory studies of dissolved radiolabelled microcystin-LR in lake water.
Water research 2003;37(14):3299-306.
2003: Geoffrey A Codd; James S Metcalf; Louise F Morrison; Lothar Krienitz; A Ballot; S Pflugmacher; Claudia Wiegand; K Kotut
Susceptibility of flamingos to cyanobacterial toxins via feeding.
The Veterinary record 2003;152(23):722-3.
2003: Lothar Krienitz; Andreas Ballot; Kiplagat Kotut; Claudia Wiegand; Stephanie Pütz; James S Metcalf; Geoffrey A Codd; Stephan Pflugmacher
Contribution of hot spring cyanobacteria to the mysterious deaths of Lesser Flamingos at Lake Bogoria, Kenya.
FEMS microbiology ecology 2003;43(2):141-8.
2003: Claudia Wiedner; Petra M Visser; Jutta Fastner; James S Metcalf; Geoffrey A Codd; Luuc R Mur
Effects of light on the microcystin content of Microcystis strain PCC 7806.
Applied and environmental microbiology 2003;69(3):1475-81.
2003: Kenneth A Beattie; Judith Ressler; Claudia Wiegand; Eberhard Krause; Geoffrey A Codd; Christian E W Steinberg; Stephan Pflugmacher
Comparative effects and metabolism of two microcystins and nodularin in the brine shrimp Artemia salina.
Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 2003;62(3):219-26.
2003: James S Metcalf; Geoffrey A Codd
Analysis of cyanobacterial toxins by immunological methods.
Chemical research in toxicology 2003;16(2):103-12.
2002: James S Metcalf; Kenneth A Beattie; Martin Saker; Geoffrey A Codd
Effects of organic solvents on the high performance liquid chromatographic analysis of the cyanobacterial toxin cylindrospermopsin and its recovery from environmental eutrophic waters by solid phase extraction.
FEMS microbiology letters 2002;216(2):159-64.
2002: J H Best; Stephan Pflugmacher; Claudia Wiegand; F Brian Eddy; James S Metcalf; Geoffrey A Codd
Effects of enteric bacterial and cyanobacterial lipopolysaccharides, and of microcystin-LR, on glutathione S-transferase activities in zebra fish (Danio rerio).
Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 2002;60(3-4):223-31.
2002: Jutta Fastner; Geoffrey A Codd; James S Metcalf; Peter Woitke; Claudia Wiedner; Hans Utkilen
An international intercomparison exercise for the determination of purified microcystin-LR and microcystins in cyanobacterial field material.
Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry 2002;374(3):437-44.
2002: James S Metcalf; J Lindsay; Kenneth A Beattie; S Birmingham; Martin Saker; Andrea Törökné; Geoffrey A Codd
Toxicity of cylindrospermopsin to the brine shrimp Artemia salina: comparisons with protein synthesis inhibitors and microcystins.
Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology 2002;40(8):1115-120.
2001: Per Hyenstrand; James S Metcalf; Kenneth A Beattie; Geoffrey A Codd
Effects of adsorption to plastics and solvent conditions in the analysis of the cyanobacterial toxin microcystin-LR by high performance liquid chromatography.
Water research 2001;35(14):3508-11.
2001: Geoffrey A Codd; James S Metcalf; Clive J Ward; Kenneth A Beattie; SG Bell; Kunimitsu Kaya; GK Poon
Analysis of cyanobacterial toxins by physicochemical and biochemical methods.
Journal of AOAC International 2001;84(5):1626-35.
2001: Stephan Pflugmacher; Claudia Wiegand; Kenneth A Beattie; Eberhard Krause; Christian E W Steinberg; Geoffrey A Codd
Uptake, effects, and metabolism of cyanobacterial toxins in the emergent reed plant Phragmites australis (cav.) trin. ex steud.
Environmental toxicology and chemistry / SETAC 2001;20(4):846-52.
2001: Per Hyenstrand; James S Metcalf; Kenneth A Beattie; Geoffrey A Codd
Losses of the cyanobacterial toxin microcystin-LR from aqueous solution by adsorption during laboratory manipulations.
Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology 2001;39(4):589-94.
2001: James S Metcalf; SG Bell; Geoffrey A Codd
Colorimetric immuno-protein phosphatase inhibition assay for specific detection of microcystins and nodularins of cyanobacteria.
Applied and environmental microbiology 2001;67(2):904-9.
2000: Alexandre Matthiensen; Kenneth A Beattie; J S Yunes; Kunimitsu Kaya; Geoffrey A Codd
[D-Leu1]Microcystin-LR, from the cyanobacterium Microcystis RST 9501 and from a Microcystis bloom in the Patos Lagoon estuary, Brazil.
Phytochemistry 2000;55(5):383-7.
2000: James S Metcalf; Per Hyenstrand; Kenneth A Beattie; Geoffrey A Codd
Effects of physicochemical variables and cyanobacterial extracts on the immunoassay of microcystin-LR by two ELISA kits.
Journal of applied microbiology 2000;89(3):532-8.
2000: JA Zweigenbaum; Jack D Henion; Kenneth A Beattie; Geoffrey A Codd; GK Poon
Direct analysis of microcystins by microbore liquid chromatography electrospray ionization ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry.
Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis 2000;23(4):723-33.
2000: James S Metcalf; Kenneth A Beattie; Stephan Pflugmacher; Geoffrey A Codd
Immuno-crossreactivity and toxicity assessment of conjugation products of the cyanobacterial toxin, microcystin-LR.
FEMS microbiology letters 2000;189(2):155-8.
2000: Kenneth A Beattie; Kunimitsu Kaya; Geoffrey A Codd
The cyanobacterium Nodularia PCC 7804, of freshwater origin, produces [L-Har2]nodularin.
Phytochemistry 2000;54(1):57-61.
2000: James S Metcalf; Geoffrey A Codd
Microwave oven and boiling waterbath extraction of hepatotoxins from cyanobacterial cells.
FEMS microbiology letters 2000;184(2):241-6.
1999: Alexandre Matthiensen; J S Yunes; Geoffrey A Codd
[The occurrence, distribution and toxicity of cyanobacteria in the estuary of Lagoa dos Patos, Rio Grande do Sul].
Revista brasileira de biologia 1999;59(3):361-76.
1999: Geoffrey A Codd; James S Metcalf; Kenneth A Beattie
Retention of Microcystis aeruginosa and microcystin by salad lettuce (Lactuca sativa) after spray irrigation with water containing cyanobacteria.
Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology 1999;37(8):1181-5.
1999: Clive J Ward; Geoffrey A Codd
Comparative toxicity of four microcystins of different hydrophobicities to the protozoan, Tetrahymena pyriformis.
Journal of applied microbiology 1999;86(5):874-82.
1998: Stephan Pflugmacher; Claudia Wiegand; A Oberemm; Kenneth A Beattie; Eberhard Krause; Geoffrey A Codd; Christian E W Steinberg
Identification of an enzymatically formed glutathione conjugate of the cyanobacterial hepatotoxin microcystin-LR: the first step of detoxication.
Biochimica et biophysica acta 1998;1425(3):527-33.
1998: S Pouria; A de Andrade; J Barbosa; R L Cavalcanti; V T Barreto; Clive J Ward; Wolfgang Preiser; GK Poon; Guy H Neild; Geoffrey A Codd
Fatal microcystin intoxication in haemodialysis unit in Caruaru, Brazil.
Lancet 1998;352(9121):21-6.
1998: T Sano; Kenneth A Beattie; Geoffrey A Codd; Kunimitsu Kaya
Two (Z)-dehydrobutyrine-containing microcystins from a hepatotoxic bloom of Oscillatoria agardhii from Soulseat Loch, Scotland.
Journal of natural products 1998;61(6):851-3.
1997: Clive J Ward; Kenneth A Beattie; E Y Lee; Geoffrey A Codd
Colorimetric protein phosphatase inhibition assay of laboratory strains and natural blooms of cyanobacteria: comparisons with high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis for microcystins.
FEMS microbiology letters 1997;153(2):465-73.
1997: H Twist; Geoffrey A Codd
Degradation of the cyanobacterial hepatotoxin, nodularin, under light and dark conditions.
FEMS microbiology letters 1997;151(1):83-8.
1997: Geoffrey A Codd; Clive J Ward; SG Bell
Cyanobacterial toxins: occurrence, modes of action, health effects and exposure routes.
Archives of toxicology. Supplement. = Archiv für Toxikologie. Supplement 1997;19():399-410.
1995: W R Harding; N Rowe; J C Wessels; Kenneth A Beattie; Geoffrey A Codd
Death of a dog attributed to the cyanobacterial (blue-green algal) hepatotoxin nodularin in South Africa.
Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 1995;66(4):256-9.
1995: S V Avery; Geoffrey A Codd; Geoffrey M Gadd
Characterisation of caesium transport in the microalga Chlorella salina.
Biochemical Society transactions 1995;23(3):468S.
1995: M Spassova; Ian R Mellor; A G Petrov; Kenneth A Beattie; Geoffrey A Codd; H Vais; Peter N R Usherwood
Pores formed in lipid bilayers and in native membranes by nodularin, a cyanobacterial toxin.
European biophysics journal : EBJ 1995;24(2):69-76.
1995: L A Lawton; C Edwards; Kenneth A Beattie; S Pleasance; Gordon J Dear; Geoffrey A Codd
Isolation and characterization of microcystins from laboratory cultures and environmental samples of Microcystis aeruginosa and from an associated animal toxicosis.
Natural toxins 1995;3(1):50-7.
1995: J Murphy; C M Crompton; S Hainey; Geoffrey A Codd; Christopher J Hutchison
The role of protein phosphorylation in the assembly of a replication competent nucleus: investigations in Xenopus egg extracts using the cyanobacterial toxin microcystin-LR.
Journal of cell science 1995;108 ( Pt 1)():235-44.
1994: L A Lawton; C Edwards; Geoffrey A Codd
Extraction and high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of microcystins in raw and treated waters.
The Analyst 1994;119(7):1525-30.
1992: C Edwards; Kenneth A Beattie; C M Scrimgeour; Geoffrey A Codd
Identification of anatoxin-A in benthic cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) and in associated dog poisonings at Loch Insh, Scotland.
Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology 1992;30(10):1165-75.
1992: Geoffrey A Codd; C Edwards; K A Beattle; W M Barr; G J Gunn
Fatal attraction to cyanobacteria?
Nature 1992;359(6391):110-1.
1992: G J Gunn; A G Rafferty; G C Rafferty; N Cockburn; C Edwards; Kenneth A Beattie; Geoffrey A Codd
Fatal canine neurotoxicosis attributed to blue-green algae (cyanobacteria).
The Veterinary record 1992;130(14):301-2.
1991: G J Gunn; A G Rafferty; G C Rafferty; N Cockburn; C Edwards; Kenneth A Beattie; Geoffrey A Codd
Additional algal toxicosis hazard.
The Veterinary record 1991;129(17):391.
1990: L A Lawton; D L Campbell; Kenneth A Beattie; Geoffrey A Codd
Use of a rapid bioluminescence assay for detecting cyanobacterial microcystin toxicity.
Letters in applied microbiology 1990;11(4):205-7.
1990: A M Hawthornthwaite; T J Beanland; Christopher J Howe; Geoffrey A Codd
The ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase of Prochlorothrix hollandica: purification, subunit structure and partial N-terminal sequence analysis of the large subunit.
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung. C, Journal of biosciences 1990;45(7-8):733-8.
1990: Carol MacKintosh; Kenneth A Beattie; S Klumpp; Philip Cohen; Geoffrey A Codd
Cyanobacterial microcystin-LR is a potent and specific inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A from both mammals and higher plants.
FEBS letters 1990;264(2):187-92.
1988: G C Machray; D Vakeria; Geoffrey A Codd; W D Stewart
Insertion sequence IS2 in the cyanobacterium Chlorogloeopsis fritschii.
Gene 1988;67(2):301-5.
1988: Geoffrey A Codd
Carboxysomes and ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase.
Advances in microbial physiology 1988;29():115-64.
1987: Geoffrey A Codd; D Vakeria
Enzymes and genes of microbial autotrophy.
Microbiological sciences 1987;4(5):154-9.
1987: G K Poon; I M Priestley; S M Hunt; J K Fawell; Geoffrey A Codd
Purification procedure for peptide toxins from the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa involving high-performance thin-layer chromatography.
Journal of chromatography 1987;387():551-5.
1987: Geoffrey A Codd; J G Kuenen
Physiology and biochemistry of autotrophic bacteria.
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 1987;53(1):3-14.
1984: Geoffrey A Codd
Toxins of freshwater cyanobacteria.
Microbiological sciences 1984;1(2):48-52.