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Chris Galanos

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Reinaldo Salomao; Giovana Lotici Baggio-Zappia; M K C Brunialti; Chris Galanos; Marjorie Marini Rapozo; Marina Freudenberg
Bacterial sensing, cell signaling, and modulation of the immune response during sepsis.
Sandrine Tchaptchet; Nikolaus Freudenberg; Chris Galanos; Marina Gumenscheimer; Christoph Hölscher; Christoph Kalis; Carsten J Kirschning; Marinus Lamers; Marina A Freudenberg
TLR9-dependent and independent pathways drive activation of the immune system by Propionibacterium acnes.
Simone Keck; Ines Müller; György Fejer; Iva Savic; Sandrine Tchaptchet; Peter J Nielsen; Chris Galanos; Michael Huber; Marina A Freudenberg
Absence of TRIF signaling in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated murine mast cells.

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All Publications

2012: Reinaldo Salomao; Giovana Lotici Baggio-Zappia; M K C Brunialti; Chris Galanos; Marjorie Marini Rapozo; Marina Freudenberg
Bacterial sensing, cell signaling, and modulation of the immune response during sepsis.
Shock (Augusta, Ga.) 2012;38(3):227-42.
2012: Sandrine Tchaptchet; Nikolaus Freudenberg; Chris Galanos; Marina Gumenscheimer; Christoph Hölscher; Christoph Kalis; Carsten J Kirschning; Marinus Lamers; Marina A Freudenberg
TLR9-dependent and independent pathways drive activation of the immune system by Propionibacterium acnes.
PloS one 2012;7(6):e39155.
2011: Simone Keck; Ines Müller; György Fejer; Iva Savic; Sandrine Tchaptchet; Peter J Nielsen; Chris Galanos; Michael Huber; Marina A Freudenberg
Absence of TRIF signaling in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated murine mast cells.
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 2011;186(9):5478-88.
2010: N E Gomes; M K C Brunialti; M E Mendes; Marina A Freudenberg; Chris Galanos; Reinaldo Salomão
Lipopolysaccharide-induced expression of cell surface receptors and cell activation of neutrophils and monocytes in whole human blood.
Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas médicas e biológicas / Sociedade Brasileira de Biofísica ... [et al.] 2010;43(9):853-8.
2010: Sandrine Tchaptchet; Jörg Kirberg; Nikolaus Freudenberg; Wolfgang W A Schamel; Chris Galanos; Marina A Freudenberg
Innate, antigen-independent role for T cells in the activation of the immune system by Propionibacterium acnes.
European journal of immunology 2010;40(9):2506-16.
2009: Marina A Freudenberg; Philipp Esser; T Jakob; Chris Galanos; S F Martin
Innate and adaptive immune responses in contact dermatitis: analogy with infections.
Giornale italiano di dermatologia e venereologia : organo ufficiale, Società italiana di dermatologia e sifilografia 2009;144(2):173-85.
2008: Marina A Freudenberg; Sandrine Tchaptchet; Simone Keck; György Fejer; Michael Huber; Nicole Schütze; Bruce Beutler; Chris Galanos
Lipopolysaccharide sensing an important factor in the innate immune response to Gram-negative bacterial infections: benefits and hazards of LPS hypersensitivity.
Immunobiology 2008;213(3-4):193-203.
2007: Marina Gumenscheimer; Sandra Balkow; Markus M Simon; Emilio Jirillo; Chris Galanos; Marina A Freudenberg
Stage of primary infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus determines predisposition or resistance of mice to secondary bacterial infections.
Medical microbiology and immunology 2007;196(2):79-88.
2007: Kerstin Fehrenbach; Fillip Port; Gordon Grochowy; Christoph Kalis; Wolfgang G Bessler; Chris Galanos; Gerald Krystal; Marina A Freudenberg; Michael Huber
Stimulation of mast cells via FcvarepsilonR1 and TLR2: the type of ligand determines the outcome.
Molecular immunology 2007;44(8):2087-94.
2006: Michael Huber; Christoph Kalis; Simone Keck; Zhengfan Jiang; Philippe Georgel; Xin Du; Louis Shamel; Sosathya Sovath; Suzanne Mudd; Bruce Beutler; Chris Galanos; Marina A Freudenberg
R-form LPS, the master key to the activation ofTLR4/MD-2-positive cells.
European journal of immunology 2006;36(3):701-11.
2005: Bing-Rong Zhou; Marina Gumenscheimer; Marina A Freudenberg; Chris Galanos
Lethal effect and apoptotic DNA fragmentation in response of D-GalN-treated mice to bacterial LPS can be suppressed by pre-exposure to minute amount of bacterial LPS: dual role of TNF receptor 1.
World journal of gastroenterology : WJG 2005;11(22):3398-404.
2005: Zhengfan Jiang; Philippe Georgel; Xin Du; Louis Shamel; Sosathya Sovath; Suzanne Mudd; Michael Huber; Christoph Kalis; Simone Keck; Chris Galanos; Marina A Freudenberg; Bruce Beutler
CD14 is required for MyD88-independent LPS signaling.
Nature immunology 2005;6(6):565-70.
2005: Christoph Kalis; Marina Gumenscheimer; Nikolaus Freudenberg; Sandrine Tchaptchet; György Fejer; Antje Heit; Shizuo Akira; Chris Galanos; Marina A Freudenberg
Requirement for TLR9 in the immunomodulatory activity of Propionibacterium acnes.
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 2005;174(7):4295-300.
2004: Simone Antoniazi; Helen Price; Pascale Kropf; Marina A Freudenberg; Chris Galanos; Deborah Smith; Ingrid Müller
Chemokine gene expression in toll-like receptor-competent and -deficient mice infected with Leishmania major.
Infection and immunity 2004;72(9):5168-74.
2004: Pascale Kropf; N Freudenberg; Christoph Kalis; Manuel Modolell; Shanti Herath; Chris Galanos; Marina A Freudenberg; Ingrid Müller
Infection of C57BL/10ScCr and C57BL/10ScNCr mice with Leishmania major reveals a role for Toll-like receptor 4 in the control of parasite replication.
Journal of leukocyte biology 2004;76(1):48-57.
2004: Pascale Kropf; Marina A Freudenberg; Manuel Modolell; Helen Price; Shanti Herath; Simone Antoniazi; Chris Galanos; Deborah Smith; Ingrid Müller
Toll-like receptor 4 contributes to efficient control of infection with the protozoan parasite Leishmania major.
Infection and immunity 2004;72(4):1920-8.
2003: Günter Schwamberger; Peter Hammerl; Ernst Ferber; Marina A Freudenberg; Chris Galanos
TNF revisited: TNF-independent antitumor activity in sera of mice sensitized with Propionibacterium acnes and challenged with lipopolysaccharide.
Journal of leukocyte biology 2003;74(6):1056-63.
2003: Annalisa Lembo; Christoph Kalis; Carsten J Kirschning; Vincenzo Mitolo; Emilio Jirillo; Hermann Wagner; Chris Galanos; Marina A Freudenberg
Differential contribution of Toll-like receptors 4 and 2 to the cytokine response to Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus in mice.
Infection and immunity 2003;71(10):6058-62.
2003: Ursula Deiters; Marina Gumenscheimer; Chris Galanos; Peter F Mühlradt
Toll-like receptor 2- and 6-mediated stimulation by macrophage-activating lipopeptide 2 induces lipopolysaccharide (LPS) cross tolerance in mice, which results in protection from tumor necrosis factor alpha but in only partial protection from lethal LPS doses.
Infection and immunity 2003;71(8):4456-62.
2003: Bing-Rong Zhou; Marina Gumenscheimer; Marina A Freudenberg; Chris Galanos
A striking correlation between lethal activity and apoptotic DNA fragmentation of liver in response of D-galactosamine-sensitized mice to a non-lethal amount of lipopolysaccharide.
Acta pharmacologica Sinica 2003;24(3):193-8.
2003: Christoph Kalis; Benoît Kanzler; Annalisa Lembo; Alexander Poltorak; Chris Galanos; Marina A Freudenberg
Toll-like receptor 4 expression levels determine the degree of LPS-susceptibility in mice.
European journal of immunology 2003;33(3):798-805.
2003: Marina A Freudenberg; Christoph Kalis; Yolande Chvatchko; Thomas Merlin; Marina Gumenscheimer; Chris Galanos
Role of interferons in LPS hypersensitivity.
Journal of endotoxin research 2003;9(5):308-12.
2002: Simone Gaedicke; Elke Firat-Geier; Oana Constantiniu; Maria Lucchiari-Hartz; Marina A Freudenberg; Chris Galanos; Gabriele Niedermann
Antitumor effect of the human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor ritonavir: induction of tumor-cell apoptosis associated with perturbation of proteasomal proteolysis.
Cancer research 2002;62(23):6901-8.
2002: Marina Gumenscheimer; Ivan Mitov; Chris Galanos; Marina A Freudenberg
Beneficial or deleterious effects of a preexisting hypersensitivity to bacterial components on the course and outcome of infection.
Infection and immunity 2002;70(10):5596-603.
2002: Marina A Freudenberg; Thomas Merlin; Christoph Kalis; Yolande Chvatchko; Hella Stübig; Chris Galanos
Cutting edge: a murine, IL-12-independent pathway of IFN-gamma induction by gram-negative bacteria based on STAT4 activation by Type I IFN and IL-18 signaling.
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 2002;169(4):1665-8.
2002: M K C Brunialti; Esper Kallas; Marina A Freudenberg; Chris Galanos; Reinaldo Salomao
Influence of EDTA and heparin on lipopolysaccharide binding and cell activation, evaluated at single-cell level in whole blood.
Cytometry 2002;50(1):14-8.
2002: Christian Termeer; Frauke Benedix; Jonathan Sleeman; Christina Fieber; Ursula Voith; Thomas Ahrens; Kensuke Miyake; Marina A Freudenberg; Chris Galanos; Jan C Simon
Oligosaccharides of Hyaluronan activate dendritic cells via toll-like receptor 4.
The Journal of experimental medicine 2002;195(1):99-111.
2001: Marina A Freudenberg; Thomas Merlin; Marina Gumenscheimer; Christoph Kalis; Regine Landmann; Chris Galanos
Role of lipopolysaccharide susceptibility in the innate immune response to Salmonella typhimurium infection: LPS, a primary target for recognition of Gram-negative bacteria.
Microbes and infection / Institut Pasteur 2001;3(14-15):1213-22.
2001: Alexander Poltorak; Thomas Merlin; Peter J Nielsen; Olivier Sandra; Irina Smirnova; Ingo Schupp; Thomas Boehm; Chris Galanos; Marina A Freudenberg
A point mutation in the IL-12R beta 2 gene underlies the IL-12 unresponsiveness of Lps-defective C57BL/10ScCr mice.
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 2001;167(4):2106-11.
2001: Ryoichi Hasunuma; H Morita; Shigenori Tanaka; Roland Ryll; Marina A Freudenberg; Chris Galanos; Yoshio Kumazawa
Differential clearance and induction of host responses by various administered or released lipopolysaccharides.
Journal of endotoxin research 2001;7(6):421-9.
2001: Thomas Merlin; Marina Gumenscheimer; Chris Galanos; Marina A Freudenberg
TNF-alpha hyper-responses to Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria in Propionibacterium acnes primed or Salmonella typhimurium infected mice.
Journal of endotoxin research 2001;7(2):157-63.
2001: Thomas Merlin; A Sing; Peter J Nielsen; Chris Galanos; Marina A Freudenberg
Inherited IL-12 unresponsiveness contributes to the high LPS resistance of the Lps(d) C57BL/10ScCr mouse.
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 2001;166(1):566-73.
2000: A Sing; Thomas Merlin; H P Knopf; Peter J Nielsen; H Loppnow; Chris Galanos; Marina A Freudenberg
Bacterial induction of beta interferon in mice is a function of the lipopolysaccharide component.
Infection and immunity 2000;68(3):1600-7.
2000: Chris Galanos; Marina Gumenscheimer; Peter F Mühlradt; Emilio Jirillo; Marina A Freudenberg
MALP-2, a Mycoplasma lipopeptide with classical endotoxic properties: end of an era of LPS monopoly?
Journal of endotoxin research 2000;6(6):471-6.
1999: Domenico Caccavo; Antonella Afeltra; S Pece; G Giuliani; Marina A Freudenberg; Chris Galanos; Emilio Jirillo
Lactoferrin-lipid A-lipopolysaccharide interaction: inhibition by anti-human lactoferrin monoclonal antibody AGM 10.14.
Infection and immunity 1999;67(9):4668-72.
1999: R S Conrad; M Boll; J Radziejewska-Lebrecht; Chris Galanos
The occurrence of 4-amino-4-deoxy-arabinose in LPS of supersusceptible strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa Z61: noncorrelation with polymyxin resistance.
Current microbiology 1999;38(4):228-32.
1999: Reinaldo Salomão; O Rigato; A C C Pignatari; Marina A Freudenberg; Chris Galanos
Bloodstream infections: epidemiology, pathophysiology and therapeutic perspectives.
Infection 1999;27(1):1-11.
1998: Alexander Poltorak; X He; Irina Smirnova; M Y Liu; Christophe Henri Van Huffel; Xin Du; D Birdwell; E Alejos; M Silva; Chris Galanos; Marina A Freudenberg; P Ricciardi-Castagnoli; B Layton; Bruce Beutler
Defective LPS signaling in C3H/HeJ and C57BL/10ScCr mice: mutations in Tlr4 gene.
Science (New York, N.Y.) 1998;282(5396):2085-8.
1998: Marina A Freudenberg; R Salômao; A Sing; Ivan Mitov; Chris Galanos
Reconciling the concepts of endotoxin sensitization and tolerance.
Progress in clinical and biological research 1998;397():261-8.
1997: Ingrid Müller; Marina A Freudenberg; Pascale Kropf; A F Kiderlen; Chris Galanos
Leishmania major infection in C57BL/10 mice differing at the Lps locus: a new non-healing phenotype.
Medical microbiology and immunology 1997;186(2-3):75-81.
1997: A Kiani; A Tschiersch; E Gaboriau; F Otto; A Seiz; H P Knopf; P Stütz; Lothar Färber; Ulrike Haus; Chris Galanos; Roland Mertelsmann; R Engelhardt
Downregulation of the proinflammatory cytokine response to endotoxin by pretreatment with the nontoxic lipid A analog SDZ MRL 953 in cancer patients.
Blood 1997;90(4):1673-83.
1997: S Schlecht; Marina A Freudenberg; Chris Galanos
Culture and biological activity of Propionibacterium acnes.
Infection 1997;25(4):247-9.
1997: Ivan Mitov; A Kropec; A Benzing; H Just; G Garotta; Chris Galanos; Marina A Freudenberg
Differential cytokine production in stimulated blood cultures from intensive care patients with bacterial infections.
Infection 1997;25(4):206-12.
1997: Horst Mossmann; W Peter M Benten; Chris Galanos; Marina A Freudenberg; W Nikolaus Kühn-Velten; H Reinauer; Frank Wunderlich
Dietary testosterone suppresses protective responsiveness to Plasmodium chabaudi malaria.
Life sciences 1997;60(11):839-48.
1996: T Takakuwa; H P Knopf; A Sing; Rita Carsetti; Chris Galanos; Marina A Freudenberg
Induction of CD14 expression in Lpsn, Lpsd and tumor necrosis factor receptor-deficient mice.
European journal of immunology 1996;26(11):2686-92.
1995: Manfred Kopf; A Ramsay; F Brombacher; H Baumann; G Freer; Chris Galanos; J C Gutierrez-Ramos; Gabriele Köhler
Pleiotropic defects of IL-6-deficient mice including early hematopoiesis, T and B cell function, and acute phase responses.
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1995;762():308-18.
1995: Y Yaegashi; P Nielsen; A Sing; Chris Galanos; Marina A Freudenberg
Interferon beta, a cofactor in the interferon gamma production induced by gram-negative bacteria in mice.
The Journal of experimental medicine 1995;181(3):953-60.
1995: R Engelhardt; F Otto; Andreas Mackensen; R Mertelsmann; Chris Galanos
Endotoxin (Salmonella abortus equi) in cancer patients. Clinical and immunological findings.
Progress in clinical and biological research 1995;392():253-61.
1994: N Honarvar; U E Schaible; Chris Galanos; Reinhard Wallich; Markus M Simon
A 14,000 MW lipoprotein and a glycolipid-like structure of Borrelia burgdorferi induce proliferation and immunoglobulin production in mouse B cells at high frequencies.
Immunology 1994;82(3):389-96.
1994: H P Knopf; F Otto; R Engelhardt; Marina A Freudenberg; Chris Galanos; F Herrmann; Ralf R Schumann
Discordant adaptation of human peritoneal macrophages to stimulation by lipopolysaccharide and the synthetic lipid A analogue SDZ MRL 953. Down-regulation of TNF-alpha and IL-6 is paralleled by an up-regulation of IL-1 beta and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor expression.
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 1994;153(1):287-99.
1994: S Schlecht; Chris Galanos
Influence of the glucose concentration on the yield of biomass and lipopolysaccharide in Salmonella cultures.
Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie : international journal of medical microbiology 1994;281(1):30-7.
1993: I Mitov; Marina A Freudenberg; U Bamberger; Chris Galanos
Cross-binding activity and protective capacity of monoclonal antibodies to lipid A.
Immunobiology 1993;188(1-2):1-12.
1993: M A Freudenberg; T Ness; Y Kumazawa; Chris Galanos
[The role of cytokines in endotoxic shock and in endotoxin hypersensitivity].
Immunität und Infektion 1993;21(2):40-4.
1993: Chris Galanos; Marina A Freudenberg
Mechanisms of endotoxin shock and endotoxin hypersensitivity.
Immunobiology 1993;187(3-5):346-56.
1993: N Freudenberg; K Konarske; U N Riede; R Lamers; S Zeller; G Hämmerling; C Sorg; H U Usener; T Katschinski; Chris Galanos
Function and "homing" of the lung macrophages. I. Evidence of functional heterogeneity of mobile cells of the murine lung parenchyma in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL).
Virchows Archiv. B, Cell pathology including molecular pathology 1993;64(3):191-7.
1992: Andreas Mackensen; Chris Galanos; U Wehr; R Engelhardt
Endotoxin tolerance: regulation of cytokine production and cellular changes in response to endotoxin application in cancer patients.
European cytokine network 1992;3(6):571-9.
1992: S Schlecht; Marina A Freudenberg; Chris Galanos
Immunoblot analysis of the R-form lipopolysaccharide from Salmonella S forms.
Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie : international journal of medical microbiology 1992;277(3):288-95.
1992: T Katschinski; Chris Galanos; A Coumbos; Marina A Freudenberg
Gamma interferon mediates Propionibacterium acnes-induced hypersensitivity to lipopolysaccharide in mice.
Infection and immunity 1992;60(5):1994-2001.
1992: N Freudenberg; J Piotraschke; Chris Galanos; C Sorg; F A Askaryar; B Klosa; H U Usener; Marina A Freudenberg
The role of macrophages in the uptake of endotoxin by the mouse liver.
Virchows Archiv. B, Cell pathology including molecular pathology 1992;61(5):343-9.
1991: Andreas Mackensen; Chris Galanos; R Engelhardt
Modulating activity of interferon-gamma on endotoxin-induced cytokine production in cancer patients.
Blood 1991;78(12):3254-8.
1991: Marina A Freudenberg; Y Kumazawa; S Meding; Jean Langhorne; Chris Galanos
Gamma interferon production in endotoxin-responder and -nonresponder mice during infection.
Infection and immunity 1991;59(10):3484-91.
1991: Marina A Freudenberg; Chris Galanos
Tumor necrosis factor alpha mediates lethal activity of killed gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria in D-galactosamine-treated mice.
Infection and immunity 1991;59(6):2110-5.
1991: Marina A Freudenberg; U Meier-Dieter; T Staehelin; Chris Galanos
Analysis of LPS released from Salmonella abortus equi in human serum.
Microbial pathogenesis 1991;10(2):93-104.
1991: Y Kumazawa; Marina A Freudenberg; C Hausmann; S Meding-Slade; Jean Langhorne; Chris Galanos
Formation of interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor in mice during Salmonella typhimurium infection.
Pathobiology : journal of immunopathology, molecular and cellular biology 1991;59(3):194-6.
1991: Andreas Mackensen; Chris Galanos; R Engelhardt
Treatment of cancer patients with endotoxin induces release of endogenous cytokines.
Pathobiology : journal of immunopathology, molecular and cellular biology 1991;59(4):264-7.
1990: R Bhat; A Marx; Chris Galanos; R S Conrad
Structural studies of lipid A from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1: occurrence of 4-amino-4-deoxyarabinose.
Journal of bacteriology 1990;172(12):6631-6.
1990: M Matsuura; Chris Galanos
Induction of hypersensitivity to endotoxin and tumor necrosis factor by sublethal infection with Salmonella typhimurium.
Infection and immunity 1990;58(4):935-7.
1990: Marina A Freudenberg; Chris Galanos
Bacterial lipopolysaccharides: structure, metabolism and mechanisms of action.
International reviews of immunology 1990;6(4):207-21.
1989: Marina A Freudenberg; A Fomsgaard; I Mitov; Chris Galanos
ELISA for antibodies to lipid A, lipopolysaccharides and other hydrophobic antigens.
Infection 1989;17(5):322-8.
1989: B H Jiao; Marina A Freudenberg; Chris Galanos
Characterization of the lipid A component of genuine smooth-form lipopolysaccharide.
European journal of biochemistry / FEBS 1989;180(3):515-8.
1989: N Freudenberg; J Schalk; Chris Galanos; T Katschinski; O Datz; U Pein; Marina A Freudenberg
Identification and percentage frequency of isolated non-parenchymal liver cells (NPLC) in the mouse.
Virchows Archiv. B, Cell pathology including molecular pathology 1989;57(2):109-15.
1989: N Freudenberg; Chris Galanos; O Datz; G Hämmerling; T H Katschinski; J Schalk; U Pein; H Stübig; Marina A Freudenberg
Mechanism of replacement of non-parenchymal liver cells (NPLC) in murine radiation chimeras.
Virchows Archiv. A, Pathological anatomy and histopathology 1989;415(3):203-9.
1988: Marina A Freudenberg; Chris Galanos
Induction of tolerance to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-D-galactosamine lethality by pretreatment with LPS is mediated by macrophages.
Infection and immunity 1988;56(5):1352-7.
1988: D U Bellstedt; K J Van der Merwe; Chris Galanos
Immune carrier properties of acid-treated Salmonella minnesota R595 bacteria. The immune response to TNP-bacterial conjugates in rabbits and mice.
Journal of immunological methods 1988;108(1-2):245-54.
1988: Marina A Freudenberg; Chris Galanos
The metabolic fate of endotoxins.
Progress in clinical and biological research 1988;272():63-75.
1988: Chris Galanos; Marina A Freudenberg; M Matsuura; A Coumbos
Hypersensitivity to endotoxin and mechanisms of host-response.
Progress in clinical and biological research 1988;272():295-308.
1987: W Strittmatter; Chris Galanos
Characterisation of protein co-extracted together with LPS in Escherichia coli, Salmonella minnesota and Yersinia enterocolitica.
Microbial pathogenesis 1987;2(1):29-36.