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Leonard Gettes

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Leonard S Gettes; Paul Kligfield
Should electrocardiogram criteria for the diagnosis of left bundle-branch block be revised?
Robert L Lux; Leonard S Gettes
Repolarization heterogeneity and rate dependency in a canine rapid pacing model of heart failure.
Leonard S Gettes
The T wave: "only the shadow knows".

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2012: Leonard S Gettes; Paul Kligfield
Should electrocardiogram criteria for the diagnosis of left bundle-branch block be revised?
Journal of electrocardiology 2012;45(5):500-4.
2011: Robert L Lux; Leonard S Gettes
Repolarization heterogeneity and rate dependency in a canine rapid pacing model of heart failure.
Journal of electrocardiology 2011;44(6):730-5.
2009: Leonard S Gettes
The T wave: "only the shadow knows".
Heart rhythm : the official journal of the Heart Rhythm Society 2009;6(8):1209-10.
2009: Galen S Wagner; Peter Macfarlane; Hein Wellens; Mark Josephson; Anton Gorgels; David M Mirvis; Olle Pahlm; Borys Surawicz; Paul Kligfield; Rory Childers; Leonard S Gettes; James J Bailey; Barbara J Deal; Anton Gorgels; E William Hancock; Jan A Kors; Jay W Mason; Peter Okin; Pentti M Rautaharju; Gerard van Herpen
AHA/ACCF/HRS recommendations for the standardization and interpretation of the electrocardiogram: part VI: acute ischemia/infarction: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Electrocardiography and Arrhythmias Committee, Council on Clinical Cardiology; the American College of Cardiology Foundation; and the Heart Rhythm Society. Endorsed by the International Society for Computerized Electrocardiology.
Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2009;53(11):1003-11.
2009: E William Hancock; Barbara J Deal; David M Mirvis; Peter Okin; Paul Kligfield; Leonard S Gettes; James J Bailey; Rory Childers; Anton Gorgels; Mark Josephson; Jan A Kors; Peter Macfarlane; Jay W Mason; Olle Pahlm; Pentti M Rautaharju; Borys Surawicz; Gerard van Herpen; Galen S Wagner; Hein Wellens
AHA/ACCF/HRS recommendations for the standardization and interpretation of the electrocardiogram: part V: electrocardiogram changes associated with cardiac chamber hypertrophy: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Electrocardiography and Arrhythmias Committee, Council on Clinical Cardiology; the American College of Cardiology Foundation; and the Heart Rhythm Society. Endorsed by the International Society for Computerized Electrocardiology.
Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2009;53(11):992-1002.
2009: Pentti M Rautaharju; Borys Surawicz; Leonard S Gettes; James J Bailey; Rory Childers; Barbara J Deal; Anton Gorgels; E William Hancock; Mark Josephson; Paul Kligfield; Jan A Kors; Peter Macfarlane; Jay W Mason; David M Mirvis; Peter Okin; Olle Pahlm; Gerard van Herpen; Galen S Wagner; Hein Wellens
AHA/ACCF/HRS recommendations for the standardization and interpretation of the electrocardiogram: part IV: the ST segment, T and U waves, and the QT interval: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Electrocardiography and Arrhythmias Committee, Council on Clinical Cardiology; the American College of Cardiology Foundation; and the Heart Rhythm Society. Endorsed by the International Society for Computerized Electrocardiology.
Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2009;53(11):982-91.
2009: Borys Surawicz; Rory Childers; Barbara J Deal; Leonard S Gettes; James J Bailey; Anton Gorgels; E William Hancock; Mark Josephson; Paul Kligfield; Jan A Kors; Peter Macfarlane; Jay W Mason; David M Mirvis; Peter Okin; Olle Pahlm; Pentti M Rautaharju; Gerard van Herpen; Galen S Wagner; Hein Wellens
AHA/ACCF/HRS recommendations for the standardization and interpretation of the electrocardiogram: part III: intraventricular conduction disturbances: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Electrocardiography and Arrhythmias Committee, Council on Clinical Cardiology; the American College of Cardiology Foundation; and the Heart Rhythm Society. Endorsed by the International Society for Computerized Electrocardiology.
Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2009;53(11):976-81.
2009: Borys Surawicz; Rory Childers; Barbara J Deal; Leonard S Gettes; James J Bailey; Anton Gorgels; E William Hancock; Mark Josephson; Paul Kligfield; Jan A Kors; Peter Macfarlane; Jay W Mason; David M Mirvis; Peter Okin; Olle Pahlm; Pentti M Rautaharju; Gerard van Herpen; Galen S Wagner; Hein Wellens
AHA/ACCF/HRS recommendations for the standardization and interpretation of the electrocardiogram: part III: intraventricular conduction disturbances: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Electrocardiography and Arrhythmias Committee, Council on Clinical Cardiology; the American College of Cardiology Foundation; and the Heart Rhythm Society: endorsed by the International Society for Computerized Electrocardiology.
Circulation 2009;119(10):e235-40.
2009: Pentti M Rautaharju; Borys Surawicz; Leonard S Gettes; James J Bailey; Rory Childers; Barbara J Deal; Anton Gorgels; E William Hancock; Mark Josephson; Paul Kligfield; Jan A Kors; Peter Macfarlane; Jay W Mason; David M Mirvis; Peter Okin; Olle Pahlm; Gerard van Herpen; Galen S Wagner; Hein Wellens
AHA/ACCF/HRS recommendations for the standardization and interpretation of the electrocardiogram: part IV: the ST segment, T and U waves, and the QT interval: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Electrocardiography and Arrhythmias Committee, Council on Clinical Cardiology; the American College of Cardiology Foundation; and the Heart Rhythm Society: endorsed by the International Society for Computerized Electrocardiology.
Circulation 2009;119(10):e241-50.
2009: E William Hancock; Barbara J Deal; David M Mirvis; Peter Okin; Paul Kligfield; Leonard S Gettes; James J Bailey; Rory Childers; Anton Gorgels; Mark Josephson; Jan A Kors; Peter Macfarlane; Jay W Mason; Olle Pahlm; Pentti M Rautaharju; Borys Surawicz; Gerard van Herpen; Galen S Wagner; Hein Wellens
AHA/ACCF/HRS recommendations for the standardization and interpretation of the electrocardiogram: part V: electrocardiogram changes associated with cardiac chamber hypertrophy: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Electrocardiography and Arrhythmias Committee, Council on Clinical Cardiology; the American College of Cardiology Foundation; and the Heart Rhythm Society: endorsed by the International Society for Computerized Electrocardiology.
Circulation 2009;119(10):e251-61.
2009: Galen S Wagner; Peter Macfarlane; Hein Wellens; Mark Josephson; Anton Gorgels; David M Mirvis; Olle Pahlm; Borys Surawicz; Paul Kligfield; Rory Childers; Leonard S Gettes; James J Bailey; Barbara J Deal; Anton Gorgels; E William Hancock; Jan A Kors; Jay W Mason; Peter Okin; Pentti M Rautaharju; Gerard van Herpen
AHA/ACCF/HRS recommendations for the standardization and interpretation of the electrocardiogram: part VI: acute ischemia/infarction: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Electrocardiography and Arrhythmias Committee, Council on Clinical Cardiology; the American College of Cardiology Foundation; and the Heart Rhythm Society: endorsed by the International Society for Computerized Electrocardiology.
Circulation 2009;119(10):e262-70.
2009: Leonard S Gettes
The status of the standards.
Journal of electrocardiology 2009;42(2):213-4.
2009: Stanley S Wang; Lauren Paynter; Robert V Kelly; Gary G Koch; Mark S Skains; Leonard S Gettes
Electrocardiographic determination of culprit lesion site in patients with acute coronary events.
Journal of electrocardiology 2009;42(1):46-51.
2008: Leonard S Gettes
Is it time for change?
Journal of electrocardiology 2008;41(5):419-20; author reply 423-4.
2008: Andrew E Epstein; John P Dimarco; Kenneth A Ellenbogen; N A Mark Estes; Roger A Freedman; Leonard S Gettes; A Marc Gillinov; Gabriel Gregoratos; Stephen C Hammill; David L Hayes; Mark A Hlatky; L Kristin Newby; Richard L Page; Mark H Schoenfeld; Michael J Silka; Lynne Warner Stevenson; Michael O Sweeney
ACC/AHA/HRS 2008 guidelines for Device-Based Therapy of Cardiac Rhythm Abnormalities: executive summary.
Heart rhythm : the official journal of the Heart Rhythm Society 2008;5(6):934-55.
2008: Andrew E Epstein; John P Dimarco; Kenneth A Ellenbogen; N A Mark Estes; Roger A Freedman; Leonard S Gettes; A Marc Gillinov; Gabriel Gregoratos; Stephen C Hammill; David L Hayes; Mark A Hlatky; L Kristin Newby; Richard L Page; Mark H Schoenfeld; Michael J Silka; Lynne Warner Stevenson; Michael O Sweeney
ACC/AHA/HRS 2008 Guidelines for device-based therapy of cardiac rhythm abnormalities.
Heart rhythm : the official journal of the Heart Rhythm Society 2008;5(6):e1-62.
2008: Andrew E Epstein; John P DiMarco; Kenneth A Ellenbogen; N A Mark Estes; Roger A Freedman; Leonard S Gettes; A Marc Gillinov; Gabriel Gregoratos; Stephen C Hammill; David L Hayes; Mark A Hlatky; L Kristin Newby; Richard L Page; Mark H Schoenfeld; Michael J Silka; Lynne Warner Stevenson; Michael O Sweeney; Sidney C Smith; Alice K Jacobs; Cynthia D Adams; Jeffrey L Anderson; Christopher E Buller; Mark A Creager; Steven M Ettinger; David P Faxon; Jonathan L Halperin; Loren F Hiratzka; Sharon A Hunt; Harlan Krumholz; Frederick G Kushner; Bruce W Lytle; Rick A Nishimura; Joseph P Ornato; Richard L Page; Barbara Riegel; Lynn G Tarkington; Clyde W Yancy
ACC/AHA/HRS 2008 Guidelines for Device-Based Therapy of Cardiac Rhythm Abnormalities: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the ACC/AHA/NASPE 2002 Guideline Update for Implantation of Cardiac Pacemakers and Antiarrhythmia Devices) developed in collaboration with the American Association for Thoracic Surgery and Society of Thoracic Surgeons.
Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2008;51(21):e1-62.
2008: Andrew E Epstein; John P DiMarco; Kenneth A Ellenbogen; N A Mark Estes; Roger A Freedman; Leonard S Gettes; A Marc Gillinov; Gabriel Gregoratos; Stephen C Hammill; David L Hayes; Mark A Hlatky; L Kristin Newby; Richard L Page; Mark H Schoenfeld; Michael J Silka; Lynne Warner Stevenson; Michael O Sweeney; Sidney C Smith; Alice K Jacobs; Cynthia D Adams; Jeffrey L Anderson; Christopher E Buller; Mark A Creager; Steven M Ettinger; David P Faxon; Jonathan L Halperin; Loren F Hiratzka; Sharon A Hunt; Harlan Krumholz; Frederick G Kushner; Bruce W Lytle; Rick A Nishimura; Joseph P Ornato; Richard L Page; Barbara Riegel; Lynn G Tarkington; Clyde W Yancy
ACC/AHA/HRS 2008 Guidelines for Device-Based Therapy of Cardiac Rhythm Abnormalities: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the ACC/AHA/NASPE 2002 Guideline Update for Implantation of Cardiac Pacemakers and Antiarrhythmia Devices): developed in collaboration with the American Association for Thoracic Surgery and Society of Thoracic Surgeons.
Circulation 2008;117(21):e350-408.
2007: Leonard S Gettes
A sensitive issue.
Journal of electrocardiology 2007;40(6):470-1.
2007: Leonard S Gettes
Updating electrocardiography standards.
Journal of electrocardiology 2007;40(2):117-8.
2007: Jay W Mason; E William Hancock; Leonard S Gettes; James J Bailey; Rory Childers; Barbara J Deal; Mark Josephson; Paul Kligfield; Jan A Kors; Peter Macfarlane; Olle Pahlm; David M Mirvis; Peter M Okin; Pentti Rautaharju; Borys Surawicz; Gerard van Herpen; Galen S Wagner; Hein Wellens
Recommendations for the standardization and interpretation of the electrocardiogram: part II: electrocardiography diagnostic statement list a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Electrocardiography and Arrhythmias Committee, Council on Clinical Cardiology; the American College of Cardiology Foundation; and the Heart Rhythm Society Endorsed by the International Society for Computerized Electrocardiology.
Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2007;49(10):1128-35.
2007: Paul Kligfield; Leonard S Gettes; James J Bailey; Rory Childers; Barbara J Deal; E William Hancock; Gerard van Herpen; Jan A Kors; Peter Macfarlane; David M Mirvis; Olle Pahlm; Pentti Rautaharju; Galen S Wagner; Mark Josephson; Jay W Mason; Peter M Okin; Borys Surawicz; Hein Wellens
Recommendations for the standardization and interpretation of the electrocardiogram: part I: the electrocardiogram and its technology a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Electrocardiography and Arrhythmias Committee, Council on Clinical Cardiology; the American College of Cardiology Foundation; and the Heart Rhythm Society endorsed by the International Society for Computerized Electrocardiology.
Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2007;49(10):1109-27.
2007: Paul Kligfield; Leonard S Gettes; James J Bailey; Rory Childers; Barbara J Deal; E William Hancock; Gerard van Herpen; Jan A Kors; Peter Macfarlane; David M Mirvis; Olle Pahlm; Pentti Rautaharju; Galen S Wagner; Mark Josephson; Jay W Mason; Peter M Okin; Borys Surawicz; Hein Wellens
Recommendations for the standardization and interpretation of the electrocardiogram: part I: The electrocardiogram and its technology: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Electrocardiography and Arrhythmias Committee, Council on Clinical Cardiology; the American College of Cardiology Foundation; and the Heart Rhythm Society: endorsed by the International Society for Computerized Electrocardiology.
Circulation 2007;115(10):1306-24.
2007: Jay W Mason; E William Hancock; Leonard S Gettes; James J Bailey; Rory Childers; Barbara J Deal; Mark Josephson; Paul Kligfield; Jan A Kors; Peter Macfarlane; Olle Pahlm; David M Mirvis; Peter M Okin; Pentti Rautaharju; Borys Surawicz; Gerard van Herpen; Galen S Wagner; Hein Wellens
Recommendations for the standardization and interpretation of the electrocardiogram: part II: Electrocardiography diagnostic statement list: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Electrocardiography and Arrhythmias Committee, Council on Clinical Cardiology; the American College of Cardiology Foundation; and the Heart Rhythm Society: endorsed by the International Society for Computerized Electrocardiology.
Circulation 2007;115(10):1325-32.
2007: Jay W Mason; E William Hancock; Leonard S Gettes
Recommendations for the standardization and interpretation of the electrocardiogram. Part II: Electrocardiography diagnostic statement list. A scientific statement from the American Heart Association Electrocardiography and Arrhythmias Committee, Council on Clinical Cardiology; the American College of Cardiology Foundation; and the Heart Rhythm Society.
Heart rhythm : the official journal of the Heart Rhythm Society 2007;4(3):413-9.
2007: Paul Kligfield; Leonard S Gettes; James J Bailey; Rory Childers; Barbara J Deal; E William Hancock; Gerard van Herpen; Jan A Kors; Peter Macfarlane; David M Mirvis; Olle Pahlm; Pentti Rautaharju; Galen S Wagner
Recommendations for the standardization and interpretation of the electrocardiogram. Part I: The electrocardiogram and its technology. A scientific statement from the American Heart Association Electrocardiography and Arrhythmias Committee, Council on Clinical Cardiology; the American College of Cardiology Foundation; and the Heart Rhythm Society.
Heart rhythm : the official journal of the Heart Rhythm Society 2007;4(3):394-412.
2006: Robert L Lux; Leonard S Gettes; Jay W Mason
Understanding proarrhythmic potential in therapeutic drug development: alternate strategies for measuring and tracking repolarization.
Journal of electrocardiology 2006;39(4 Suppl):S161-4.
2006: Galen Wagner; Tobin Lim; Leonard S Gettes; Anton Gorgels; Mark Josephson; Hein Wellens; Stanley Anderson; Rory Childers; Peter Clemmensen; Paul Kligfield; Peter Macfarlane; Olle Pahlm; Ronald H Selvester
Consideration of pitfalls in and omissions from the current ECG standards for diagnosis of myocardial ischemia/infarction in patients who have acute coronary syndromes.
Cardiology clinics 2006;24(3):331-42, vii.
2004: Kimberly Selzman; Leonard S Gettes
Exercise-induced premature ventricular beats: should we do anything differently?
Circulation 2004;109(20):2374-5.
2002: Christopher R Kroll; Leonard S Gettes
T wave alternans and Torsades de Pointes after the use of intravenous pentamidine.
Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology 2002;13(9):936-8.
2001: Leonard S Gettes
The T wave: a window on ventricular repolarization?
Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology 2001;12(11):1326-8.
1999: Leonard S Gettes
Tale of two (or three or more) cities.
Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology 1999;10(2):165-7.
1998: Bonnie B Punske; Wayne E Cascio; Connie L Engle; H Troy Nagle; Leonard S Gettes; Timothy A Johnson
Quantitative characterization of epicardial wave fronts during regional ischemia and elevated extracellular potassium ion concentration.
Annals of biomedical engineering 1998;26(6):1010-21.
1998: J Ejima; D Martin; Connie L Engle; Z Sherman; S Kunimoto; Leonard S Gettes
Ability of activation recovery intervals to assess action potential duration during acute no-flow ischemia in the in situ porcine heart. Experimental Cardiology Group, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology 1998;9(8):832-44.
1997: I Watanabe; A Kanda; Connie L Engle; Leonard S Gettes
Comparison of the effects of regional ischemia and hyperkalemia on the membrane action potentials of the in situ pig heart. Experimental Cardiology Group, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology 1997;8(11):1229-36.
1997: A Kanda; I Watanabe; M L Williams; Connie L Engle; S Li; Gary G Koch; Leonard S Gettes
Unanticipated lessening of the rise in extracellular potassium during ischemia by pinacidil.
Circulation 1997;95(7):1937-44.
1996: L M Owens; T A Fralix; E Murphy; Wayne E Cascio; Leonard S Gettes
Correlation of ischemia-induced extracellular and intracellular ion changes to cell-to-cell electrical uncoupling in isolated blood-perfused rabbit hearts. Experimental Working Group.
Circulation 1996;94(1):10-3.
1996: L Brent Mitchell; Leonard S Gettes
Is a baseline electrophysiologic study mandatory for the management of patients with spontaneous, sustained, ventricular tachyarrhythmias?
Progress in cardiovascular diseases 1996;38(5):385-92.
1995: Barbara J Muller-Borer; Timothy A Johnson; Leonard S Gettes; Wayne E Cascio
Failure of impulse propagation in a mathematically simulated ischemic border zone: influence of direction of propagation and cell-to-cell electrical coupling.
Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology 1995;6(12):1101-12.
1995: Wayne E Cascio; Timothy A Johnson; Leonard S Gettes
Electrophysiologic changes in ischemic ventricular myocardium: I. Influence of ionic, metabolic, and energetic changes.
Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology 1995;6(11):1039-62.
1995: P M Sapin; M B Blauwet; Gary G Koch; Leonard S Gettes
Exaggerated atrial repolarization waves as a predictor of false positive exercise tests in an unselected population.
Journal of electrocardiology 1995;28(4):313-21.
1995: Leonard S Gettes
ESVEM and the hazards of clinical trials.
Circulation 1995;91(7):1908-9.
1995: T Maruyama; L C Richardson; Wei Sun; J J McCarthy; Leonard S Gettes
Acute effects of amiodarone on membrane properties, refractoriness, and conduction in guinea pig papillary muscles.
Heart and vessels 1995;10(2):78-86.
1994: W F Fleet; Timothy A Johnson; Wayne E Cascio; J Shen; Connie L Engle; D G Martin; Leonard S Gettes
Marked activation delay caused by ischemia initiated after regional K+ elevation in in situ pig hearts.
Circulation 1994;90(6):3009-17.
1993: J R Harper; Timothy A Johnson; Connie L Engle; D G Martin; W Fleet; Leonard S Gettes
Effect of rate on changes in conduction velocity and extracellular potassium concentration during acute ischemia in the in situ pig heart.
Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology 1993;4(6):661-71.
1993: Leonard S Gettes; P Sapin
Concerning falsely negative and falsely positive electrocardiographic responses to exercise.
British heart journal 1993;70(3):205-7.
1993: J D Symanski; Leonard S Gettes
Drug effects on the electrocardiogram. A review of their clinical importance.
Drugs 1993;46(2):219-48.
1992: Leonard S Gettes
Electrolyte abnormalities underlying lethal and ventricular arrhythmias.
Circulation 1992;85(1 Suppl):I70-6.
1992: Leonard S Gettes; Toru Maruyama
[Metabolic regulation of the cardiac gap junctional current flow--electrophysiological and magnetic resonance studies].
Japanese circulation journal 1992;56 Suppl 5():1334-8.
1991: T Maruyama; Wayne E Cascio; Stephen B Knisley; J Buchanan; Leonard S Gettes
Effects of ryanodine and BAY K 8644 on membrane properties and conduction during simulated ischemia.
The American journal of physiology 1991;261(6 Pt 2):H2008-15.
1991: P M Sapin; Gary G Koch; M B Blauwet; J J McCarthy; S W Hinds; Leonard S Gettes
Identification of false positive exercise tests with use of electrocardiographic criteria: a possible role for atrial repolarization waves.
Journal of the American College of Cardiology 1991;18(1):127-35.
1991: Timothy A Johnson; Connie L Engle; L M Boyd; Gary G Koch; Marta Gwinn; Leonard S Gettes
Magnitude and time course of extracellular potassium inhomogeneities during acute ischemia in pigs. Effect of verapamil.
Circulation 1991;83(2):622-34.
1991: A Jain; Leonard S Gettes
Patterns of ST-segment change during acute no-flow myocardial ischemia produced by balloon occlusion during angioplasty of the left anterior descending coronary artery.
The American journal of cardiology 1991;67(4):305-7.
1991: Leonard S Gettes; Wayne E Cascio; T Johnson; W F Fleet
Local myocardial biochemical and ionic alterations during myocardial ischaemia and reperfusion.
Drugs 1991;42 Suppl 1():7-13.
1990: Timothy A Johnson; Connie L Engle; Robert P Kusy; Stephen B Knisley; C A Graebner; Leonard S Gettes
Fabrication, evaluation, and use of extracellular K+ and H+ ion-selective electrodes.
The American journal of physiology 1990;258(4 Pt 2):H1224-31.
1990: A Jain; M G Jenkins; Leonard S Gettes
Lack of specificity of new negative U waves for anterior myocardial ischemia as evidenced by intracoronary electrogram during balloon angioplasty.
Journal of the American College of Cardiology 1990;15(5):1007-11.
1989: M G Jenkins; Timothy A Johnson; Connie L Engle; Leonard S Gettes
Metabolic protection by verapamil during graded coronary flow reduction independent of effect on baseline systolic function. Separation of mechanical and ionic markers of ischemia.
Circulation 1989;80(6):1870-7.
1989: Y Hiramatsu; J W Buchanan; Stephen B Knisley; Gary G Koch; S Kropp; Leonard S Gettes
Influence of rate-dependent cellular uncoupling on conduction change during simulated ischemia in guinea pig papillary muscles: effect of verapamil.
Circulation research 1989;65(1):95-102.
1989: W W Rowe; Ross J Simpson; DA Tate; Park W Willis; Timothy C Nichols; J W Noneman; Leonard S Gettes
Nonemergent cardiac catheterization and risk-stratified revascularization following thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction. A critical analysis of therapy in the community setting. University of North Carolina Cardiology Consortium.
Archives of internal medicine 1989;149(7):1611-7.
1989: M L Williams; A Woelfel; Wayne E Cascio; Ross J Simpson; Leonard S Gettes; J R Foster
Intravenous amiodarone during prolonged resuscitation from cardiac arrest.
Annals of internal medicine 1989;110(10):839-42.
1989: I Watanabe; Timothy A Johnson; Connie L Engle; C Graebner; M G Jenkins; Leonard S Gettes
Effects of verapamil and propranolol on changes in extracellular K+, pH, and local activation during graded coronary flow in the pig.
Circulation 1989;79(4):939-47.
1989: DA Tate; Ross J Simpson; Leonard S Gettes
Bradycardia-dependent bundle branch block during Mobitz I second degree heart block.
Chest 1989;95(2):438-40.
1989: DA Tate; W W Rowe; Ross J Simpson; Timothy C Nichols; Leonard S Gettes
Coronary thrombolysis in rural hospitals.
Southern medical journal 1989;82(1):95.
1988: Y Hiramatsu; J W Buchanan; Stephen B Knisley; Leonard S Gettes
Rate-dependent effects of hypoxia on internal longitudinal resistance in guinea pig papillary muscles.
Circulation research 1988;63(5):923-9.
1988: A Woelfel; J R Foster; W W Rowe; A Jain; Leonard S Gettes
Induction of ventricular tachycardia in patients with left ventricular aneurysms and no history of arrhythmia.
The American journal of cardiology 1988;62(10 Pt 1):814-6.
1988: Ross J Simpson; I Amara; J R Foster; A Woelfel; Leonard S Gettes
Thresholds, refractory periods, and conduction times of the normal and diseased human atrium.
American heart journal 1988;116(4):1080-90.
1988: Wayne E Cascio; A Woelfel; Stephen B Knisley; J W Buchanan; J R Foster; Leonard S Gettes
Use dependence of amiodarone during the sinus tachycardia of exercise in coronary artery disease.
The American journal of cardiology 1988;61(13):1042-5.
1988: Ruben Coronel; Jan W T Fiolet; F J Wilms-Schopman; A F Schaapherder; Timothy A Johnson; Leonard S Gettes; Michiel J Janse
Distribution of extracellular potassium and its relation to electrophysiologic changes during acute myocardial ischemia in the isolated perfused porcine heart.
Circulation 1988;77(5):1125-38.
1987: Wayne E Cascio; J R Foster; J W Buchanan; Timothy A Johnson; Leonard S Gettes
Enhancement of procainamide-induced rate-dependent conduction slowing by elevated myocardial extracellular potassium concentration in vivo.
Circulation 1987;76(6):1380-7.
1987: I Watanabe; Timothy A Johnson; J Buchanan; Connie L Engle; Leonard S Gettes
Effect of graded coronary flow reduction on ionic, electrical, and mechanical indexes of ischemia in the pig.
Circulation 1987;76(5):1127-34.
1987: Timothy A Johnson; Ruben Coronel; C A Graebner; J W Buchanan; Michiel J Janse; Leonard S Gettes
Relationship between extracellular potassium accumulation and local TQ-segment potential during acute myocardial ischemia in the porcine.
Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology 1987;19(10):949-52.
1986: J L Curtis; J R Foster; Leonard S Gettes; Ross J Simpson; A Woelfel
Initial presentation of sustained ventricular tachycardia after resection of left ventricular aneurysm.
The American journal of cardiology 1986;58(6):560-1.
1986: J W Buchanan; S Oshita; T Fujino; Leonard S Gettes
A method for measurement of internal longitudinal resistance in papillary muscle.
The American journal of physiology 1986;251(1 Pt 2):H210-7.
1986: Ross J Simpson; J R Foster; A K Woelfel; Leonard S Gettes
Management of atrial fibrillation and flutter. A reappraisal of digitalis therapy.
Postgraduate medicine 1986;79(8):241-53.
1986: Leonard S Gettes; J D Symanski; W F Fleet; T A Johnson; C Graebner
The intracellular and extracellular changes associated with ischaemia--effects of catecholamines in arrhythmogenesis.
European heart journal 1986;7 Suppl A():77-84.
1986: W F Fleet; Timothy A Johnson; C A Graebner; Connie L Engle; Leonard S Gettes
Effects of verapamil on ischemia-induced changes in extracellular K+, pH, and local activation in the pig.
Circulation 1986;73(4):837-46.
1985: W F Fleet; Timothy A Johnson; C A Graebner; Leonard S Gettes
Effect of serial brief ischemic episodes on extracellular K+, pH, and activation in the pig.
Circulation 1985;72(4):922-32.
1985: A Woelfel; J R Foster; R G McAllister; Ross J Simpson; Leonard S Gettes
Efficacy of verapamil in exercise-induced ventricular tachycardia.
The American journal of cardiology 1985;56(4):292-7.
1985: J W Buchanan; T Saito; Leonard S Gettes
The effects of antiarrhythmic drugs, stimulation frequency, and potassium-induced resting membrane potential changes on conduction velocity and dV/dtmax in guinea pig myocardium.
Circulation research 1985;56(5):696-703.
1985: Kirkwood F Adams; J R Perry; K Popio; Leonard S Gettes; D S Sheps
Positive treadmill stress tests post myocardial infarction in patients with single-vessel coronary disease.
American heart journal 1985;109(2):251-8.
1984: Leonard S Gettes; D P Zipes; P C Gillette; M E Josephson; M M Laks; D M Mirvis; M M Scheinman; L T Sheffield; D Wu
Personnel and equipment required for electrophysiologic testing. Report of the Committee on Electrocardiography and Cardian Electrophysiology, Council on Clinical Cardiology, the American Heart Association.
Circulation 1984;69(6):1219A-1221A.
1984: A Woelfel; J R Foster; Ross J Simpson; Leonard S Gettes
Reproducibility and treatment of exercise-induced ventricular tachycardia.
The American journal of cardiology 1984;53(6):751-6.
1983: Ross J Simpson; J R Foster; C Benge; S Baker; Leonard S Gettes
Safety of multiple bolus loading of intravenous disopyramide.
American heart journal 1983;106(3):505-8.
1983: A K Woelfel; Ross J Simpson; Leonard S Gettes; J R Foster
Exercise-induced distal atrioventricular block.
Journal of the American College of Cardiology 1983;2(3):578-81.
1983: Ross J Simpson; J R Foster; J P Mulrow; Leonard S Gettes
The electrophysiological substrate of atrial fibrillation.
Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE 1983;6(5 Pt 2):1166-70.
1983: Thomas R Griggs; G S Wagner; Leonard S Gettes
Beta-adrenergic blocking agents after myocardial infarction: an undocumented need in patients at lowest risk.
Journal of the American College of Cardiology 1983;1(6):1530-3.
1983: Leonard S Gettes
Perspectives and future trends in cellular electrophysiology: implications for the clinician.
Journal of the American College of Cardiology 1983;1(1):317-26.
1982: Ross J Simpson; J R Foster; Leonard S Gettes
Atrial excitability and conduction in patients with interatrial conduction defects.
The American journal of cardiology 1982;50(6):1331-7.
1982: Y Kagiyama; J L Hill; Leonard S Gettes
Interaction of acidosis and increased extracellular potassium on action potential characteristics and conduction in guinea pig ventricular muscle.
Circulation research 1982;51(5):614-23.
1982: D C Booth; K A Popio; Leonard S Gettes
Multiformity if induced unifocal ventricular premature beats in human subjects: electrocardiographic and angiographic correlations.
The American journal of cardiology 1982;49(7):1643-53.
1982: Leonard S Gettes; J L Hill; T Saito; Y Kagiyama
Factors related to vulnerability to arrhythmias in acute myocardial infarction.
American heart journal 1982;103(4 Pt 2):667-72.
1982: Leonard S Gettes
Supraventricular tachyarrhythmias: pathophysiology, natural history, diagnosis and treatment.
Proceedings, the annual meeting of the Medical Section of the American Council of Life Insurance 1982;():5-8.
1982: Leonard S Gettes
Candidates for sudden cardiac death: recognition and prevention.
Proceedings, the annual meeting of the Medical Section of the American Council of Life Insurance 1982;():19-22.
1981: Leonard S Gettes
Physiology and pharmacology of antiarrhythmic drugs.
Hospital practice (Office ed.) 1981;16(10):89-101.
1980: Leonard S Gettes
Thoughts of a computerphobe.
Circulation 1980;61(6):1225-6.
1980: J L Hill; Leonard S Gettes
Effect of acute coronary artery occlusion on local myocardial extracellular K+ activity in swine.
Circulation 1980;61(4):768-78.
1979: C P Reddy; Leonard S Gettes
Use of isoproterenol as an aid to electric induction of chronic recurrent ventricular tachycardia.
The American journal of cardiology 1979;44(4):705-13.
1979: C M Chen; Leonard S Gettes
Effects of verapamil on rapid Na channel-dependent action potentials of K+-depolarized ventricular fibers.
The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics 1979;209(3):415-21.
1979: Leonard S Gettes
Modern concepts of cardiovascular disease.
Modern concepts of cardiovascular disease 1979;48(3):13-8.
1978: J L Hill; Leonard S Gettes; M R Lynch; N C Hebert
Flexible valinomycin electrodes for on-line determination of intravascular and myocardial K+.
The American journal of physiology 1978;235(4):H455-9.
1978: S Saito; C M Chen; Leonard S Gettes; M R Lynch
Steady state and time-dependent slowing of conduction in canine hearts. Effects of potassium and lidocaine.
Circulation research 1978;42(2):246-54.
1977: C M Cottrill; R G McAllister; Leonard S Gettes; J A Noonan
Propranolol therapy during pregnancy, labor, and delivery: evidence for transplacental drug transfer and impaired neonatal drug disposition.
The Journal of pediatrics 1977;91(5):812-4.
1977: V Aravindakshan; C S Kuo; Leonard S Gettes
Effect of lidocaine on escape rate in patients with complete atrioventricular block. A. Distal His bundle block.
The American journal of cardiology 1977;40(2):177-83.
1976: C Chen; Leonard S Gettes
Combined effects of rate membrane potential, and drugs on maximum rate of rise (Vmax) of action potential upstroke of guinea pig papillary muscle.
Circulation research 1976;38(6):464-9.
1976: R D Allen; Leonard S Gettes; C Phalan; M D Avington
Painless ST-segment depression in patients with angina pectoris. Correlation with daily activities and cigarette smoking.
Chest 1976;69(4):467-73.
1976: Leonard S Gettes
Possible role of ionic changes in the appearance of arrhythmias.
Pharmacology & therapeutics. Part B: General & systematic pharmacology 1976;2(4):787-810.
1975: C M Chen; Leonard S Gettes; B G Katzung
Effect of lidocaine and quinidine on steady-state characteristics and recovery kinetics of (dV/dt)max in guinea pig ventricular myocardium.
Circulation research 1975;37(1):20-9.
1975: V Aravindakshan; Leonard S Gettes
Effects of bretylium and lidocaine on ventricular fibrillation in the isolated rabbit heart.
Cardiovascular research 1975;9(1):19-28.
1974: Leonard S Gettes
Painless myocardial ischemia.
Chest 1974;66(6):612-3.
1974: Leonard S Gettes; H Reuter
Slow recovery from inactivation of inward currents in mammalian myocardial fibres.
The Journal of physiology 1974;240(3):703-24.
1974: T G Steffens; Leonard S Gettes
Parasystole.
Cardiovascular clinics 1974;6(1):99-110.
1973: Leonard S Gettes
The electrophysiologic effects of antiarrhythmic drugs. 2.
RN 1973;36(4):ICU1-8.
1973: Leonard S Gettes
The electrophysiologic effects of antiarrhythmic drugs. 1.
RN 1973;36(3):ICU1-7.
1972: F S Daoud; B Surawicz; Leonard S Gettes
Effect of isoproterenol on the abnormal T wave.
The American journal of cardiology 1972;30(8):810-9.
1972: Leonard S Gettes; N Morehouse; B Surawicz
Effect of premature depolarization on the duration of action potentials in Purkinje and ventricular fibers of the moderator band of the pig heart. Role of proximity and the duration of the preceding action potential.
Circulation research 1972;30(1):55-66.
1971: Leonard S Gettes
The electrophysiologic effects of antiarrhythmic drugs.
The American journal of cardiology 1971;28(5):526-35.
1970: Leonard S Gettes; K F Yoshonis
Rapidly recurring supraventricular tachycardia. A manifestation of reciprocating tachycardia and an indication for propranolol therapy.
Circulation 1970;41(4):689-700.
1970: Leonard S Gettes
Beta adrenergic blocking drugs in the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.
Cardiovascular clinics 1970;2(2):211-37.
1969: Leonard S Gettes; R Shabetai; T A Downs; B Surawicz
Effect of changes in potassium and calcium concentrations on diastolic threshold and strength-interval relationships of the human heart.
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1969;167(2):693-705.
1968: Leonard S Gettes; B Surawicz
Effects of low and high concentrations of potassium on the simultaneously recorded Purkinje and ventricular action potentials of the perfused pig moderator band.
Circulation research 1968;23(6):717-29.
1968: Leonard S Gettes; K F Yoshonis; J R Logic; M H Luria; B Surawicz
Effect of sympathetic stimulation and blockade in patients with angina pectoris. A clinical conference in cardiography from the University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky.
Diseases of the chest 1968;54(5):450-6.
1967: Leonard S Gettes; B Surawicz
Long-term prevention of paroxysmal arrhythmias with propranolol therapy.
The American journal of the medical sciences 1967;254(3):257-65.
1967: B Surawicz; Leonard S Gettes; A Ponce-Zumino
Relation of vulnerability to ECG and action potential characteristics of premature beats.
The American journal of physiology 1967;212(6):1519-28.
1967: G K Danielson; Leonard S Gettes; L R Bryant; J T Reeves; B Surawicz
Epilepsy induced by cardiac pacemaker.
JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association 1967;200(6):553-6.
1966: Leonard S Gettes; B Surawicz; K H Kim
Role of myocardial K and Ca in initiation and inhibition of ventricular fibrillation.
The American journal of physiology 1966;211(3):699-702.
1965: B SURAWICZ; H CHLEBUS; J T REEVES; Leonard S Gettes
INCREASE OF VENTRICULAR EXCITABILITY THRESHOLD BY HYPERPOTASSEMIA: POSSIBLE CAUSE OF INTERNAL PACEMAKER FAILURE.
JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association 1965;191():1049-54.
1963: B SURAWICZ; Leonard S Gettes
Two mechanisms of cardiac arrest produced by potassium.
Circulation research 1963;12():415-21.
1962: Leonard S Gettes; B SURAWICZ; J C SHIUE
Effect of high K, and low K quinindine on QRS duration and ventricular action potential.
The American journal of physiology 1962;203():1135-40.
1960: Leonard S Gettes; A M LEVY; J S HANSON; B S TABAKIN
Varying paroxysmal atrial tachycardia with block, atrial fibrillation, nodal rhythm and changing atrial pacemaker.
Diseases of the chest 1960;38():673-5.