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Paul Howard

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Hsiu-Mei Chiang; Frederick A Beland; Paul C Howard; Barbara J Miller; Cheng Wang; Shuguang Wang; Qingsu Xia; Jun Jie Yin; Hongtao Yu; Xiaoju Zou; Peter P Fu
Nanoscale ZnO induces cytotoxicity and DNA damage in human cell lines and rat primary neuronal cells.
Yuan Gao; Neera V Gopee; Paul C Howard; Li-Rong Yu
Proteomic analysis of early response lymph node proteins in mice treated with titanium dioxide nanoparticles.
Yongbin Zhang; Alexandru Biris; Tao Chen; Paul C Howard; Susan M Lantz; Zhiguang Li; Thikra Mustafa; Merle G Paule; William Slikker; Fumiya Watanabe; Yang Xu; Syed F Ali
Mechanistic toxicity evaluation of uncoated and PEGylated single-walled carbon nanotubes in neuronal PC12 cells.

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2012: Hsiu-Mei Chiang; Frederick A Beland; Paul C Howard; Barbara J Miller; Cheng Wang; Shuguang Wang; Qingsu Xia; Jun Jie Yin; Hongtao Yu; Xiaoju Zou; Peter P Fu
Nanoscale ZnO induces cytotoxicity and DNA damage in human cell lines and rat primary neuronal cells.
Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology 2012;12(3):2126-35.
2011: Yuan Gao; Neera V Gopee; Paul C Howard; Li-Rong Yu
Proteomic analysis of early response lymph node proteins in mice treated with titanium dioxide nanoparticles.
Journal of proteomics 2011;74(12):2745-59.
2011: Yongbin Zhang; Alexandru Biris; Tao Chen; Paul C Howard; Susan M Lantz; Zhiguang Li; Thikra Mustafa; Merle G Paule; William Slikker; Fumiya Watanabe; Yang Xu; Syed F Ali
Mechanistic toxicity evaluation of uncoated and PEGylated single-walled carbon nanotubes in neuronal PC12 cells.
ACS nano 2011;5(9):7020-33.
2010: Nakissa Sadrieh; Anna M Wokovich; Neera V Gopee; Jiwen Zheng; Diana Haines; David Parmiter; Paul H Siitonen; Christy R Cozart; Anil K Patri; Scott E McNeil; Paul C Howard; William H Doub; Lucinda F Buhse
Lack of significant dermal penetration of titanium dioxide from sunscreen formulations containing nano- and submicron-size TiO2 particles.
Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology 2010;115(1):156-66.
2010: Eva Engel; Rudolf Vasold; Francesco Santarelli; Tim Maisch; Neera V Gopee; Paul C Howard; Michael Landthaler; Wolfgang Bäumler
Tattooing of skin results in transportation and light-induced decomposition of tattoo pigments--a first quantification in vivo using a mouse model.
Experimental dermatology 2010;19(1):54-60.
2009: Neera V Gopee; Dean W Roberts; Peggy Webb; Christy R Cozart; Paul H Siitonen; John R Latendresse; Alan R Warbitton; William W Yu; Vicki L Colvin; Nigel J Walker; Paul C Howard
Quantitative determination of skin penetration of PEG-coated CdSe quantum dots in dermabraded but not intact SKH-1 hairless mouse skin.
Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology 2009;111(1):37-48.
2008: Tracie L Verkler; Robert R Delongchamp; Letha H Couch; Barbara J Miller; Alan Warbritton; Paul W Mellick; Paul C Howard; Barbara L Parsons
Populations of p53 codon 270 CGT to TGT mutant cells in SKH-1 mouse skin tumors induced by simulated solar light.
Molecular carcinogenesis 2008;47(11):822-34.
2008: Tracie L Verkler; Robert R Delongchamp; Barbara J Miller; Peggy J Webb; Paul C Howard; Barbara L Parsons
Simulated solar light-induced p53 mutagenesis in SKH-1 mouse skin: a dose-response assessment.
Molecular carcinogenesis 2008;47(8):599-607.
2007: Jian Yan; Qingsu Xia; Wayne G Wamer; Mary D Boudreau; Alan Warbritton; Paul C Howard; Peter P Fu
Levels of retinyl palmitate and retinol in the skin of SKH-1 mice topically treated with retinyl palmitate and concomitant exposure to simulated solar light for thirteen weeks.
Toxicology and industrial health 2007;23(10):581-9.
2007: Neera V Gopee; Paul C Howard
A time course study demonstrating RNA stability in postmortem skin.
Experimental and molecular pathology 2007;83(1):4-10.
2007: Neera V Gopee; Vicki L Colvin; Christy R Cozart; Dean W Roberts; Paul H Siitonen; Nigel J Walker; Alan Warbritton; Peggy Webb; William W Yu; Paul C Howard
Migration of intradermally injected quantum dots to sentinel organs in mice.
Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology 2007;98(1):249-57.
2007: Peter P Fu; Qingsu Xia; Jun Jie Yin; Shu-Hui Cherng; Jian Yan; Nan Mei; Tao Chen; Mary D Boudreau; Paul C Howard; Wayne G Wamer
Photodecomposition of vitamin A and photobiological implications for the skin.
Photochemistry and photobiology 2007;83(2):409-24.
2007: Peter P Fu; Qingsu Xia; Mary D Boudreau; Paul C Howard; William H Tolleson; Wayne G Wamer
Physiological role of retinyl palmitate in the skin.
Vitamins and hormones 2007;75():223-56.
2006: Eva Engel; Francesco Santarelli; Rudolf Vasold; Heidi Ulrich; Tim Maisch; Burkhard König; Michael Landthaler; Neera V Gopee; Paul C Howard; Wolfgang Bäumler
Establishment of an extraction method for the recovery of tattoo pigments from human skin using HPLC diode array detector technology.
Analytical chemistry 2006;78(18):6440-7.
2006: Qingsu Xia; Jun Jie Yin; Wayne G Wamer; Shu-Hui Cherng; Mary D Boudreau; Paul C Howard; Hongtao Yu; Peter P Fu
Photoirradiation of retinyl palmitate in ethanol with ultraviolet light--formation of photodecomposition products, reactive oxygen species, and lipid peroxides.
International journal of environmental research and public health 2006;3(2):185-90.
2006: Qingsu Xia; Jun Jie Yin; Shu-Hui Cherng; Wayne G Wamer; Mary D Boudreau; Paul C Howard; Peter P Fu
UVA photoirradiation of retinyl palmitate--formation of singlet oxygen and superoxide, and their role in induction of lipid peroxidation.
Toxicology letters 2006;163(1):30-43.
2006: Jian Yan; Wayne G Wamer; Paul C Howard; Mary D Boudreau; Peter P Fu
Levels of retinyl palmitate and retinol in the stratum corneum, epidermis, and dermis of female SKH-1 mice topically treated with retinyl palmitate.
Toxicology and industrial health 2006;22(4):181-91.
2006: Qingsu Xia; Ming W Chou; Jun Jie Yin; Paul C Howard; Hongtao Yu; Peter P Fu
Photoirradiation of representative polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and twelve isomeric methylbenz[a]anthracene with UVA light: formation of lipid peroxidation.
Toxicology and industrial health 2006;22(4):147-56.
2006: Jian Yan; Qingsu Xia; Peggy Webb; Alan Warbritton; Wayne G Wamer; Paul C Howard; Mary D Boudreau; Peter P Fu
Levels of retinyl palmitate and retinol in stratum corneum, epidermis and dermis of SKH-1 mice.
Toxicology and industrial health 2006;22(3):103-12.
2006: Thomas F X Collins; Robert L Sprando; Thomas N Black; Nicholas Olejnik; Robert M Eppley; Mary E Shackelford; Paul C Howard; James I Rorie; Mark Bryant; Dennis I Ruggles
Effects of aminopentol on in utero development in rats.
Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association 2006;44(2):161-9.
2005: Neera V Gopee; Yanyan Cui; Greg Olson; Alan Warbritton; Barbara J Miller; Letha H Couch; Wayne G Wamer; Paul C Howard
Response of mouse skin to tattooing: use of SKH-1 mice as a surrogate model for human tattooing.
Toxicology and applied pharmacology 2005;209(2):145-58.
2005: Yanyan Cui; Mona I Churchwell; Letha H Couch; Daniel R Doerge; Paul C Howard
Metabolism of pigment yellow 74 by rat and human microsomal proteins.
Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals 2005;33(10):1459-65.
2005: Jian Yan; Qingsu Xia; Shu-Hui Cherng; Wayne G Wamer; Paul C Howard; Hongtao Yu; Peter P Fu
Photo-induced DNA damage and photocytotoxicity of retinyl palmitate and its photodecomposition products.
Toxicology and industrial health 2005;21(7-8):167-75.
2005: Tracie L Verkler; Letha H Couch; Paul C Howard; Barbara L Parsons
Quantifying levels of p53 mutation in mouse skin tumors.
Environmental and molecular mutagenesis 2005;45(5):427-34.
2005: William H Tolleson; Shu-Hui Cherng; Qingsu Xia; Mary D Boudreau; Jun Jie Yin; Wayne G Wamer; Paul C Howard; Hongtao Yu; Peter P Fu
Photodecomposition and phototoxicity of natural retinoids.
International journal of environmental research and public health 2005;2(1):147-55.
2005: Shu-Hui Cherng; Qingsu Xia; Lonnie R Blankenship; James P Freeman; Wayne G Wamer; Paul C Howard; Peter P Fu
Photodecomposition of retinyl palmitate in ethanol by UVA light-formation of photodecomposition products, reactive oxygen species, and lipid peroxides.
Chemical research in toxicology 2005;18(2):129-38.
2004: Yanyan Cui; Andrew P Spann; Letha H Couch; Neera V Gopee; Frederick E Evans; Mona I Churchwell; Lee D Williams; Daniel R Doerge; Paul C Howard
Photodecomposition of Pigment Yellow 74, a pigment used in tattoo inks.
Photochemistry and photobiology 2004;80(2):175-84.
2003: Peter P Fu; S-H Cheng; L Coop; Qingsu Xia; Sandra J Culp; William H Tolleson; Wayne G Wamer; Paul C Howard
Photoreaction, phototoxicity, and photocarcinogenicity of retinoids.
Journal of environmental science and health. Part C, Environmental carcinogenesis & ecotoxicology reviews 2003;21(2):165-97.
2002: Paul C Howard; Letha H Couch; Ralph E Patton; Robert M Eppley; Daniel R Doerge; Mona I Churchwell; M Matilde Marques; Carlin V Okerberg
Comparison of the toxicity of several fumonisin derivatives in a 28-day feeding study with female B6C3F(1) mice.
Toxicology and applied pharmacology 2002;185(3):153-65.
2002: Reeder L Sams; Letha H Couch; Barbara J Miller; Carlin V Okerberg; Alan Warbritton; Wayne G Wamer; Janusz Z Beer; Paul C Howard
Effects of alpha- and beta-hydroxy acids on the edemal response induced in female SKH-1 mice by simulated solar light.
Toxicology and applied pharmacology 2002;184(3):136-43.
2002: Letha H Couch; Paul C Howard
Quantification of glycolic acid in cosmetic products using reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography.
International journal of cosmetic science 2002;24(2):89-95.
2002: Kenneth A Voss; Paul C Howard; Ronald T Riley; Raghubir P Sharma; Thomas J Bucci; Ronald J Lorentzen
Carcinogenicity and mechanism of action of fumonisin B1: a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium moniliforme (= F. verticillioides).
Cancer detection and prevention 2002;26(1):1-9.
2001: Reeder L Sams; Letha H Couch; Barbara J Miller; Carlin V Okerberg; Alan Warbritton; Wayne G Wamer; Janusz Z Beer; Paul C Howard
Basal cell proliferation in female SKH-1 mice treated with alpha- and beta-hydroxy acids.
Toxicology and applied pharmacology 2001;175(1):76-82.
2001: GC Hard; Paul C Howard; Robert M Kovatch; Thomas J Bucci
Rat kidney pathology induced by chronic exposure to fumonisin B1 includes rare variants of renal tubule tumor.
Toxicologic pathology 2001;29(3):379-86.
2001: Paul C Howard; Alan Warbritton; Kenneth A Voss; Ronald J Lorentzen; J D Thurman; R M Kovach; Thomas J Bucci
Compensatory regeneration as a mechanism for renal tubule carcinogenesis of fumonisin B1 in the F344/N/Nctr BR rat.
Environmental health perspectives 2001;109 Suppl 2():309-14.
2001: Paul C Howard; Robert M Eppley; M E Stack; Alan Warbritton; Kenneth A Voss; Ronald J Lorentzen; R M Kovach; Thomas J Bucci
Fumonisin b1 carcinogenicity in a two-year feeding study using F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice.
Environmental health perspectives 2001;109 Suppl 2():277-82.
2001: Kenneth A Voss; Ronald T Riley; William Norred; Charles W Bacon; Filmore I Meredith; Paul C Howard; Ronald D Plattner; Thomas F X Collins; Deborah K Hansen; J K Porter
An overview of rodent toxicities: liver and kidney effects of fumonisins and Fusarium moniliforme.
Environmental health perspectives 2001;109 Suppl 2():259-66.
2001: YP Dragan; W R Bidlack; SM Cohen; T L Goldsworthy; GC Hard; Paul C Howard; Ronald T Riley; Kenneth A Voss
Implications of apoptosis for toxicity, carcinogenicity, and risk assessment: fumonisin B(1) as an example.
Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology 2001;61(1):6-17.
2001: Ralph L Kodell; John F Young; Robert R Delongchamp; Angelo Turturro; J J Chen; David W Gaylor; Paul C Howard; Q Zheng
A mechanistic approach to modelling the risk of liver tumours in mice exposed to fumonisin B1 in the diet.
Food additives and contaminants 2001;18(3):237-53.
2000: R J Bever; Letha H Couch; John B Sutherland; A J Williams; Richard Beger; Mona I Churchwell; Daniel R Doerge; Paul C Howard
DNA adduct formation by Fusarium culture extracts: lack of role of fusarin C.
Chemico-biological interactions 2000;128(2):141-57.
2000: G R Jenkins; William H Tolleson; D K Newkirk; Dean W Roberts; K L Rowland; T Saheki; K Kobayashi; Paul C Howard; William B Melchior
Identification of fumonisin B1 as an inhibitor of argininosuccinate synthetase using fumonisin affinity chromatography and in vitro kinetic studies.
Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology 2000;14(6):320-8.
1999: William H Tolleson; Letha H Couch; William B Melchior; G R Jenkins; M Muskhelishvili; Levan Muskhelishvili; Lynda J McGarrity; Olen E Domon; Suzanne M Morris; Paul C Howard
Fumonisin B1 induces apoptosis in cultured human keratinocytes through sphinganine accumulation and ceramide depletion.
International journal of oncology 1999;14(5):833-43.
1998: Ellen A Rorke; Nywana Sizemore; Hasan Mukhtar; Letha H Couch; Paul C Howard
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons enhance terminal cell death of human ectocervical cells.
International journal of oncology 1998;13(3):557-63.
1998: Thomas F X Collins; Robert L Sprando; Thomas N Black; Mary E Shackelford; James B LaBorde; Deborah K Hansen; Robert M Eppley; Mary W Trucksess; Paul C Howard; MA Bryant; Dennis I Ruggles; Nicholas Olejnik; James I Rorie
Effects of fumonisin B1 in pregnant rats. Part 2.
Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association 1998;36(8):673-85.
1998: Thomas F X Collins; Mary E Shackelford; Robert L Sprando; Thomas N Black; J B Láborde; Deborah K Hansen; Robert M Eppley; Mary W Trucksess; Paul C Howard; MA Bryant; Dennis I Ruggles; Nicholas Olejnik; James I Rorie
Effects of fumonisin B1 in pregnant rats.
Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association 1998;36(5):397-408.
1998: Thomas J Bucci; Paul C Howard; William H Tolleson; James B LaBorde; Deborah K Hansen
Renal effects of fumonisin mycotoxins in animals.
Toxicologic pathology 1998;26(1):160-4.
1997: James B LaBorde; K K Terry; Paul C Howard; J J Chen; Thomas F X Collins; Mary E Shackelford; Deborah K Hansen
Lack of embryotoxicity of fumonisin B1 in New Zealand white rabbits.
Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology 1997;40(1):120-8.
1997: K J Silvers; Letha H Couch; Ellen A Rorke; Paul C Howard
Role of nitroreductases but not cytochromes P450 in the metabolic activation of 1-nitropyrene in the HepG2 human hepatoblastoma cell line.
Biochemical pharmacology 1997;54(8):927-36.
1997: Letha H Couch; Mona I Churchwell; Daniel R Doerge; William H Tolleson; Paul C Howard
Identification of ceramides in human cells using liquid chromatography with detection by atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometry.
Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM 1997;11(5):504-12.
1996: William H Tolleson; William B Melchior; Suzanne M Morris; Lynda J McGarrity; Olen E Domon; Levan Muskhelishvili; S Jill James; Paul C Howard
Apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects of fumonisin B1 in human keratinocytes, fibroblasts, esophageal epithelial cells and hepatoma cells.
Carcinogenesis 1996;17(2):239-49.
1996: William H Tolleson; K L Dooley; W G Sheldon; J D Thurman; Thomas J Bucci; Paul C Howard
The mycotoxin fumonisin induces apoptosis in cultured human cells and in livers and kidneys of rats.
Advances in experimental medicine and biology 1996;392():237-50.
1995: Nywana Sizemore; Hasan Mukhtar; Letha H Couch; Paul C Howard; Ellen A Rorke
Differential response of normal and HPV immortalized ectocervical epithelial cells to B[a]P.
Carcinogenesis 1995;16(10):2413-8.
1995: Paul C Howard; M C Consolo; K L Dooley; F A Beland
Metabolism of 1-nitropyrene in mice: transport across the placenta and mammary tissues.
Chemico-biological interactions 1995;95(3):309-25.
1994: K J Silvers; E P Eddy; E C McCoy; H S Rosenkranz; Paul C Howard
Pathways for the mutagenesis of 1-nitropyrene and dinitropyrenes in the human hepatoma cell line HepG2.
Environmental health perspectives 1994;102 Suppl 6():195-200.
1994: F E Evans; Joanna Deck; Paul C Howard
Structure of phenolic isomers of 2- and 3-nitrofluoranthene studied by one- and two-dimensional 1H NMR spectroscopy. Comparative analysis of mutagenicity.
Chemical research in toxicology 1994;7(3):352-7.
1994: Paul C Howard; F A Beland
The effects of copollutants on the metabolism and DNA binding of carcinogens.
Research report (Health Effects Institute) 1994;(66):1-17; discussion 19-25.
1994: Paul C Howard; M E McManus; Dennis R Koop
The role of cytochrome P450 2C3 in rabbit liver microsomal metabolism of 1-nitropyrene and 3-nitrofluoranthene.
Journal of biochemical toxicology 1994;9(2):71-8.
1992: K J Silvers; T Chazinski; M E McManus; S L Bauer; F J Gonzalez; H V Gelboin; P Maurel; Paul C Howard
Cytochrome P-450 3A4 (nifedipine oxidase) is responsible for the C-oxidative metabolism of 1-nitropyrene in human liver microsomal samples.
Cancer research 1992;52(22):6237-43.
1991: S L Bauer; Paul C Howard
Kinetics and cofactor requirements for the nitroreductive metabolism of 1-nitropyrene and 3-nitrofluoranthene by rabbit liver aldehyde oxidase.
Carcinogenesis 1991;12(9):1545-9.
1990: S L Bauer; Paul C Howard
The kinetics of 1-nitropyrene and 3-nitrofluoranthene metabolism using bovine liver xanthine oxidase.
Cancer letters 1990;54(1-2):37-42.
1990: Paul C Howard; T Aoyama; S L Bauer; H V Gelboin; F J Gonzalez
The metabolism of 1-nitropyrene by human cytochromes P450.
Carcinogenesis 1990;11(9):1539-42.
1990: E C McCoy; H S Rosenkranz; Paul C Howard
Salmonella typhimurium TA100Tn5-1012, a strain deficient in arylhydroxylamine O-esterificase, exhibits a reduced nitroreductase activity.
Mutation research 1990;243(2):141-4.
1989: M C Consolo; M Anders; Paul C Howard
Mutagenicity of the phenolic microsomal metabolites of 3-nitrofluoranthene and 1-nitropyrene in strains of Salmonella typhimurium.
Mutation research 1989;210(2):263-9.
1988: Paul C Howard; K A Reed; Dennis R Koop
Oxidative metabolism of 1-nitropyrene by rabbit liver microsomes and purified microsomal cytochrome P-450 isozymes.
Cancer research 1988;48(15):4261-5.
1988: Paul C Howard; Gheorghe Mateescu; M C Consolo
Liver microsomal metabolism of the environmental carcinogen 3-nitrofluoranthene. I. Phenolic metabolites.
Carcinogenesis 1988;9(6):911-7.
1987: Paul C Howard; E C McCoy; H S Rosenkranz
Sequential and differing nitroreductive pathways for mutagenic nitropyrenes in Salmonella typhimurium.
Mutagenesis 1987;2(6):431-2.
1987: E P Eddy; Paul C Howard; G D McCoy; H S Rosenkranz
Mutagenicity, unscheduled DNA synthesis, and metabolism of 1-nitropyrene in the human hepatoma cell line HepG2.
Cancer research 1987;47(12):3163-8.
1987: Paul C Howard; G J DeMarco; M C Consolo; G D McCoy
Differing effects of chronic ethanol consumption by mice on liver microsomal metabolism of xenobiotics: 1-nitropyrene, nicotine, aniline, and N-nitrosopyrrolidine.
Molecular toxicology 1987;1(2-3):177-89.
1987: M P Holloway; M C Biaglow; E C McCoy; M Anders; H S Rosenkranz; Paul C Howard
Photochemical instability of 1-nitropyrene, 3-nitrofluoranthene, 1,8-dinitropyrene and their parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
Mutation research 1987;187(4):199-207.
1986: P Asokan; M Das; D P Bik; Paul C Howard; G D McCoy; H S Rosenkranz; D R Bickers; H Mukhtar
Comparative effects of topically applied nitrated arenes and their nonnitrated parent arenes on cutaneous and hepatic drug and carcinogen metabolism in neonatal rats.
Toxicology and applied pharmacology 1986;86(1):33-43.
1986: G D McCoy; Paul C Howard; G J DeMarco
Characterization of hamster liver nicotine metabolism. I. Relative rates of microsomal C and N oxidation.
Biochemical pharmacology 1986;35(16):2767-73.
1984: E C McCoy; M Anders; M McCartney; Paul C Howard; F A Beland; H S Rosenkranz
The recombinogenic inactivity of 1-nitropyrene for yeast is due to a deficiency in a functional nitroreductase.
Mutation research 1984;139(3):115-8.
1983: Paul C Howard; R H Heflich; F E Evans; F A Beland
Formation of DNA adducts in vitro and in Salmonella typhimurium upon metabolic reduction of the environmental mutagen 1-nitropyrene.
Cancer research 1983;43(5):2052-8.