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Earl Kern

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Mark Prichard; Earl R Kern
Orthopoxvirus targets for the development of new antiviral agents.
Mark Prichard; Caroll B Hartline; Earl R Kern; E Randall Lanier; Debra C Quenelle
CMX001 potentiates the efficacy of acyclovir in herpes simplex virus infections.
Scott H James; Paul S Keim; Earl R Kern; Terry L Bowlin; Elizabeth M Driebe; David M Engelthaler; Emma A Harden; Caroll B Hartline; James M Schupp; Mark Prichard
Cyclopropavir inhibits the normal function of the human cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase.

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All Publications

2012: Mark Prichard; Earl R Kern
Orthopoxvirus targets for the development of new antiviral agents.
Antiviral research 2012;94(2):111-25.
2011: Mark Prichard; Caroll B Hartline; Earl R Kern; E Randall Lanier; Debra C Quenelle
CMX001 potentiates the efficacy of acyclovir in herpes simplex virus infections.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2011;55(10):4728-34.
2011: Scott H James; Paul S Keim; Earl R Kern; Terry L Bowlin; Elizabeth M Driebe; David M Engelthaler; Emma A Harden; Caroll B Hartline; James M Schupp; Mark Prichard
Cyclopropavir inhibits the normal function of the human cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2011;55(10):4682-91.
2011: Mark Prichard; Samuel L Frederick; Shannon L Daily; Katherine Z Borysko; Leroy B Townsend; John C Drach; Earl R Kern
Benzimidazole analogs inhibit human herpesvirus 6.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2011;55(5):2442-5.
2011: Mark Prichard; Earl R Kern
The search for new therapies for human cytomegalovirus infections.
Virus research 2011;157(2):212-21.
2010: Debra C Quenelle; Earl R Kern
Treatment of Vaccinia and Cowpox Virus Infections in Mice with CMX001 and ST-246.
Viruses 2010;2(12):2681-95.
2010: Mark N Prichard; Earl R Kern
Antiviral Activity of 4'-thioIDU and Thymidine Analogs against Orthopoxviruses.
Viruses 2010;2(9):1968-83.
2009: Emma A Harden; Ruth Falshaw; Susan M Carnachan; Earl R Kern; Mark Prichard
Virucidal activity of polysaccharide extracts from four algal species against herpes simplex virus.
Antiviral research 2009;83(3):282-9.
2009: Earl R Kern; Mark Prichard; Debra C Quenelle; Kathy A Keith; Kamal N Tiwari; Joseph A Maddry; John A Secrist
Activities of certain 5-substituted 4'-thiopyrimidine nucleosides against orthopoxvirus infections.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2009;53(2):572-9.
2008: Mark Prichard; Caroll B Hartline; Emma A Harden; Shannon L Daily; James R Beadle; Nadejda Valiaeva; Earl R Kern; Karl Y Hostetler
Inhibition of herpesvirus replication by hexadecyloxypropyl esters of purine- and pyrimidine-based phosphonomethoxyethyl nucleoside phosphonates.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2008;52(12):4326-30.
2008: Debra C Quenelle; Deborah J Collins; Terri L Rice; Mark Prichard; Dante J Marciani; Earl R Kern
Effect of an immune enhancer, GPI-0100, on vaccination with live attenuated herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 2 or glycoprotein D on genital HSV-2 infections of guinea pigs.
Antiviral research 2008;80(2):223-4.
2008: Debra C Quenelle; Deborah J Collins; Latisha R Pettway; Caroll B Hartline; James R Beadle; William B Wan; Karl Y Hostetler; Earl R Kern
Effect of oral treatment with (S)-HPMPA, HDP-(S)-HPMPA or ODE-(S)-HPMPA on replication of murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) or human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in animal models.
Antiviral research 2008;79(2):133-5.
2008: Mark Prichard; Elizabeth Sztul; Shannon L Daily; Amie L Perry; Samuel L Frederick; Rachel B Gill; Caroll B Hartline; Daniel N Streblow; Susan M Varnum; Richard D Smith; Earl R Kern
Human cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase activity is required for the hyperphosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein and inhibits the formation of nuclear aggresomes.
Journal of virology 2008;82(10):5054-67.
2008: Marie N Becker; Maria Obraztsova; Earl R Kern; Debra C Quenelle; Kathy A Keith; Mark Prichard; Ming Luo; Richard W Moyer
Isolation and characterization of cidofovir resistant vaccinia viruses.
Virology journal 2008;5():58.
2008: Mark Prichard; Earl R Kern; Debra C Quenelle; Kathy A Keith; Richard W Moyer; Peter C Turner
Vaccinia virus lacking the deoxyuridine triphosphatase gene (F2L) replicates well in vitro and in vivo, but is hypersensitive to the antiviral drug (N)-methanocarbathymidine.
Virology journal 2008;5():39.
2007: Debra C Quenelle; Deborah J Collins; Bridgett P Herrod; Kathy A Keith; Julissa Trahan; James R Beadle; Karl Y Hostetler; Earl R Kern
Effect of oral treatment with hexadecyloxypropyl-[(S)-9-(3-hydroxy-2- phosphonylmethoxypropyl)adenine] [(S)-HPMPA] or octadecyloxyethyl-(S)-HPMPA on cowpox or vaccinia virus infections in mice.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2007;51(11):3940-7.
2007: Debra C Quenelle; Mark Prichard; Kathy A Keith; Dennis E Hruby; Robert Jordan; George R Painter; Alice Robertson; Earl R Kern
Synergistic efficacy of the combination of ST-246 with CMX001 against orthopoxviruses.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2007;51(11):4118-24.
2007: Mark Prichard; Shannon L Daily; Geraldine M Jefferson; Amie L Perry; Earl R Kern
A rapid DNA hybridization assay for the evaluation of antiviral compounds against Epstein-Barr virus.
Journal of virological methods 2007;144(1-2):86-90.
2007: Jacqueline C Ruiz; James R Beadle; Kathy A Aldern; Kathy A Keith; Caroll B Hartline; Earl R Kern; Karl Y Hostetler
Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of alkoxyalkyl-phosphate conjugates of cidofovir and adefovir.
Antiviral research 2007;75(1):87-90.
2007: Mark Prichard; Kathy A Keith; Mary P Johnson; Emma A Harden; Alexis McBrayer; Ming Luo; Shihong Qiu; Debasish Chattopadhyay; Xuesen Fan; Paul F Torrence; Earl R Kern
Selective phosphorylation of antiviral drugs by vaccinia virus thymidine kinase.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2007;51(5):1795-803.
2007: Hyunah Choo; James R Beadle; Earl R Kern; Mark Prichard; Kathy A Keith; Caroll B Hartline; Julissa Trahan; Kathy A Aldern; Brent E Korba; Karl Y Hostetler
Antiviral activities of novel 5-phosphono-pent-2-en-1-yl nucleosides and their alkoxyalkyl phosphonoesters.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2007;51(2):611-5.
2007: Debra C Quenelle; R Mark L Buller; Scott Parker; Kathy A Keith; Dennis E Hruby; Robert Jordan; Earl R Kern
Efficacy of delayed treatment with ST-246 given orally against systemic orthopoxvirus infections in mice.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2007;51(2):689-95.
2007: Shaoman Zhou; Jiri Zemlicka; Earl R Kern; John C Drach
Fluoroanalogues of anti-cytomegalovirus agent cyclopropavir: synthesis and antiviral activity of (E)- and (Z)-9-{[2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)-3-fluorocyclopropylidene]methyl}-adenines and guanines.
Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids 2007;26(3):231-43.
2006: Shaoman Zhou; Earl R Kern; Elizabeth Gullen; Yung-Chi Cheng; John C Drach; Sadahiro Tamiya; Hiroaki Mitsuya; Jiri Zemlicka
9-{[3-fluoro-2-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropylidene]methyl}adenines and -guanines. Synthesis and antiviral activity of all stereoisomers1.
Journal of medicinal chemistry 2006;49(20):6120-8.
2006: Earl R Kern
Pivotal role of animal models in the development of new therapies for cytomegalovirus infections.
Antiviral research 2006;71(2-3):164-71.
2006: Xuesen Fan; Xinying Zhang; Longhu Zhou; Kathy A Keith; Earl R Kern; Paul F Torrence
Assembling a smallpox biodefense by interrogating 5-substituted pyrimidine nucleoside chemical space.
Antiviral research 2006;71(2-3):201-5.
2006: Debra C Quenelle; Kathy A Keith; Earl R Kern
In vitro and in vivo evaluation of isatin-beta-thiosemicarbazone and marboran against vaccinia and cowpox virus infections.
Antiviral research 2006;71(1):24-30.
2006: Mark Prichard; Angela D Williams; Kathy A Keith; Emma A Harden; Earl R Kern
Distinct thymidine kinases encoded by cowpox virus and herpes simplex virus contribute significantly to the differential antiviral activity of nucleoside analogs.
Antiviral research 2006;71(1):1-6.
2006: Xuesen Fan; Xinying Zhang; Longhu Zhou; Kathy A Keith; Mark Prichard; Earl R Kern; Paul F Torrence
Toward orthopoxvirus countermeasures: a novel heteromorphic nucleoside of unusual structure.
Journal of medicinal chemistry 2006;49(14):4052-4.
2006: Xuesen Fan; Xinying Zhang; Longhu Zhou; Kathy A Keith; Earl R Kern; Paul F Torrence
A pyrimidine-pyrazolone nucleoside chimera with potent in vitro anti-orthopoxvirus activity.
Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters 2006;16(12):3224-8.
2006: Xuesen Fan; Xinying Zhang; Longhu Zhou; Kathy A Keith; Earl R Kern; Paul F Torrence
5-(Dimethoxymethyl)-2'-deoxyuridine: a novel gem diether nucleoside with anti-orthopoxvirus activity.
Journal of medicinal chemistry 2006;49(11):3377-82.
2006: Mark Prichard; Kathy A Keith; Debra C Quenelle; Earl R Kern
Activity and mechanism of action of N-methanocarbathymidine against herpesvirus and orthopoxvirus infections.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2006;50(4):1336-41.
2006: James R Beadle; William B Wan; Stephanie L Ciesla; Kathy A Keith; Caroll B Hartline; Earl R Kern; Karl Y Hostetler
Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of alkoxyalkyl derivatives of 9-(S)-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonomethoxypropyl)adenine against cytomegalovirus and orthopoxviruses.
Journal of medicinal chemistry 2006;49(6):2010-5.
2006: Debra C Quenelle; Deborah J Collins; Dante J Marciani; Earl R Kern
Effect of immunization with herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) glycoprotein D (gD) plus the immune enhancer GPI-0100 on infection with HSV-1 or HSV-2.
Vaccine 2006;24(10):1515-22.
2006: Jacqueline N Parker; Luz-Andrea Pfister; Debra C Quenelle; G Yancey Gillespie; James M Markert; Earl R Kern; Richard J Whitley
Genetically engineered herpes simplex viruses that express IL-12 or GM-CSF as vaccine candidates.
Vaccine 2006;24(10):1644-52.
2006: Xinrong Qin; Xinchao Chen; Kun Wang; Lisa Anne Polin ; Earl R Kern; John C Drach; Elizabeth Gullen; Yung-Chi Cheng; Jiri Zemlicka
Synthesis, antiviral, and antitumor activity of 2-substituted purine methylenecyclopropane analogues of nucleosides.
Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry 2006;14(4):1247-54.
2006: Jacqueline C Ruiz; Kathy A Aldern; James R Beadle; Caroll B Hartline; Earl R Kern; Karl Y Hostetler
Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of alkoxyalkyl esters of phosphonopropoxymethyl-guanine and phosphonopropoxymethyl-diaminopurine.
Antiviral chemistry & chemotherapy 2006;17(2):89-95.
2006: Mark Prichard; Debra C Quenelle; Deborah J Bidanset; Gloria Komazin; Sunwen Chou; John C Drach; Earl R Kern
Human cytomegalovirus UL27 is not required for viral replication in human tissue implanted in SCID mice.
Virology journal 2006;3():18.
2005: Mark Prichard; William J Britt; Shannon L Daily; Caroll B Hartline; Earl R Kern
Human cytomegalovirus UL97 Kinase is required for the normal intranuclear distribution of pp65 and virion morphogenesis.
Journal of virology 2005;79(24):15494-502.
2005: Mark Prichard; Ravi Kaiwar; Winthrop T Jackman; Debra C Quenelle; Deborah J Collins; Earl R Kern; George W Kemble; Richard Spaete
Evaluation of AD472, a live attenuated recombinant herpes simplex virus type 2 vaccine in guinea pigs.
Vaccine 2005;23(46-47):5424-31.
2005: Stephanie L Williams-Aziz; Caroll B Hartline; Emma A Harden; Shannon L Daily; Mark Prichard; Nicole L Kushner; James R Beadle; William B Wan; Karl Y Hostetler; Earl R Kern
Comparative activities of lipid esters of cidofovir and cyclic cidofovir against replication of herpesviruses in vitro.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2005;49(9):3724-33.
2005: Atanu Roy; Stewart W Schneller; Kathy A Keith; Caroll B Hartline; Earl R Kern
The 4',4'-difluoro analog of 5'-noraristeromycin: a new structural prototype for possible antiviral drug development toward orthopoxvirus and cytomegalovirus.
Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry 2005;13(14):4443-9.
2005: John D Kriesel; Spotswood L Spruance; Mark Prichard; Jacqueline N Parker; Earl R Kern
Recurrent antiviral-resistant genital herpes in an immunocompetent patient.
The Journal of infectious diseases 2005;192(1):156-61.
2005: Mark Prichard; Earl R Kern
Orthopoxvirus targets for the development of antiviral therapies.
Current drug targets. Infectious disorders 2005;5(1):17-28.
2005: Earl R Kern; Nicole L Kushner; Caroll B Hartline; Stephanie L Williams-Aziz; Emma A Harden; Shaoman Zhou; Jiri Zemlicka; Mark Prichard
In vitro activity and mechanism of action of methylenecyclopropane analogs of nucleosides against herpesvirus replication.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2005;49(3):1039-45.
2005: Caroll B Hartline; Emma A Harden; Stephanie L Williams-Aziz; Nicole L Kushner; Roger J Brideau; Earl R Kern
Inhibition of herpesvirus replication by a series of 4-oxo-dihydroquinolines with viral polymerase activity.
Antiviral research 2005;65(2):97-105.
2005: William B Wan; James R Beadle; Caroll B Hartline; Earl R Kern; Stephanie L Ciesla; Nadejda Valiaeva; Karl Y Hostetler
Comparison of the antiviral activities of alkoxyalkyl and alkyl esters of cidofovir against human and murine cytomegalovirus replication in vitro.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2005;49(2):656-62.
2005: Caroll B Hartline; Kortney M Gustin; William B Wan; Stephanie L Ciesla; James R Beadle; Karl Y Hostetler; Earl R Kern
Ether lipid-ester prodrugs of acyclic nucleoside phosphonates: activity against adenovirus replication in vitro.
The Journal of infectious diseases 2005;191(3):396-9.
2005: Zhaohua Yan; Earl R Kern; Elizabeth Gullen; Yung-Chi Cheng; John C Drach; Jiri Zemlicka
Nucleotides and pronucleotides of 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)methylenecyclopropane analogues of purine nucleosides: synthesis and antiviral activity.
Journal of medicinal chemistry 2005;48(1):91-9.
2005: Amalraj Ambrose; Jiri Zemlicka; Earl R Kern; John C Drach; Elizabeth Gullen; Yung-Chi Cheng
Phosphoralaninate pronucleotides of pyrimidine methylenecyclopropane analogues of nucleosides: synthesis and antiviral activity.
Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids 2005;24(10-12):1763-74.
2005: Longhu Zhou; Adel Amer; Michael Korn; Robert Burda; Jan Balzarini; Erik De Clercq; Earl R Kern; Paul F Torrence
Synthesis and antiviral activities of 1,2,3-triazole functionalized thymidines: 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition for efficient regioselective diversity generation.
Antiviral chemistry & chemotherapy 2005;16(6):375-83.
2005: Mark Prichard; Heather A Lawlor; Gregory M Duke; Chengjun Mo; Zhaoti Wang; Melissa Dixon; George W Kemble; Earl R Kern
Human cytomegalovirus uracil DNA glycosylase associates with ppUL44 and accelerates the accumulation of viral DNA.
Virology journal 2005;2():55.
2004: Shaoman Zhou; Earl R Kern; Elizabeth Gullen; Yung-Chi Cheng; John C Drach; Shintaro Matsumi; Hiroaki Mitsuya; Jiri Zemlicka
(Z)- and (E)-[2-Fluoro-2-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropylidene]methylpurines and -pyrimidines, a new class of methylenecyclopropane analogues of nucleosides: synthesis and antiviral activity.
Journal of medicinal chemistry 2004;47(27):6964-72.
2004: Earl R Kern; Deborah J Bidanset; Caroll B Hartline; Zhaohua Yan; Jiri Zemlicka; Debra C Quenelle
Oral activity of a methylenecyclopropane analog, cyclopropavir, in animal models for cytomegalovirus infections.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2004;48(12):4745-53.
2004: Earl R Kern; Deborah J Collins; William B Wan; James R Beadle; Karl Y Hostetler; Debra C Quenelle
Oral treatment of murine cytomegalovirus infections with ether lipid esters of cidofovir.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2004;48(9):3516-22.
2004: Deborah J Bidanset; James R Beadle; William B Wan; Karl Y Hostetler; Earl R Kern
Oral activity of ether lipid ester prodrugs of cidofovir against experimental human cytomegalovirus infection.
The Journal of infectious diseases 2004;190(3):499-503.
2004: Deborah J Bidanset; Rachel J Rybak; Caroll B Hartline; Earl R Kern
Efficacy of ganciclovir and cidofovir against human cytomegalovirus replication in SCID mice implanted with human retinal tissue.
Antiviral research 2004;63(1):61-4.
2004: Debra C Quenelle; Deborah J Collins; Earl R Kern
Cutaneous infections of mice with vaccinia or cowpox viruses and efficacy of cidofovir.
Antiviral research 2004;63(1):33-40.
2004: Kathy A Keith; William B Wan; Stephanie L Ciesla; James R Beadle; Karl Y Hostetler; Earl R Kern
Inhibitory activity of alkoxyalkyl and alkyl esters of cidofovir and cyclic cidofovir against orthopoxvirus replication in vitro.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2004;48(5):1869-71.
2004: Earl R Kern; Caroll B Hartline; Rachel J Rybak; John C Drach; Leroy B Townsend; Karen K Biron; Deborah J Bidanset
Activities of benzimidazole D- and L-ribonucleosides in animal models of cytomegalovirus infections.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2004;48(5):1749-55.
2004: Debra C Quenelle; Deborah J Collins; William B Wan; James R Beadle; Karl Y Hostetler; Earl R Kern
Oral treatment of cowpox and vaccinia virus infections in mice with ether lipid esters of cidofovir.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2004;48(2):404-12.
2004: Shaoman Zhou; Julie M Breitenbach; Katherine Z Borysko; John C Drach; Earl R Kern; Elizabeth Gullen; Yung-Chi Cheng; Jiri Zemlicka
Synthesis and antiviral activity of (Z)- and (E)-2,2-[bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropylidene]methylpurines and -pyrimidines: second-generation methylenecyclopropane analogues of nucleosides.
Journal of medicinal chemistry 2004;47(3):566-75.
2003: Nicole L Kushner; Stephanie L Williams; Caroll B Hartline; Emma A Harden; Deborah J Bidanset; Xinchao Chen; Jiri Zemlicka; Earl R Kern
Efficacy of methylenecyclopropane analogs of nucleosides against herpesvirus replication in vitro.
Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids 2003;22(12):2105-19.
2003: Debra C Quenelle; Deborah J Collins; Earl R Kern
Efficacy of multiple- or single-dose cidofovir against vaccinia and cowpox virus infections in mice.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2003;47(10):3275-80.
2003: Kathy A Keith; Michael J M Hitchcock; William A Lee; Antonín Holý; Earl R Kern
Evaluation of nucleoside phosphonates and their analogs and prodrugs for inhibition of orthopoxvirus replication.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2003;47(7):2193-8.
2003: Stephanie L Williams; Caroll B Hartline; Nicole L Kushner; Emma A Harden; Deborah J Bidanset; John C Drach; Leroy B Townsend; Mark Richard Underwood; Karen K Biron; Earl R Kern
In vitro activities of benzimidazole D- and L-ribonucleosides against herpesviruses.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2003;47(7):2186-92.
2003: Ruifang Wang; Xinchao Chen; John C Drach; Earl R Kern; Jiri Zemlicka
Synthesis and biological activity of 2-aminopurine methylenecyclopropane analogues of nucleosides.
Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids 2003;22(5-8):813-5.
2003: Nigel J Temperton; Debra C Quenelle; Keirissa M Lawson; Jane N Zuckerman; Earl R Kern; Paul D Griffiths; Vincent C Emery
Enhancement of humoral immune responses to a human cytomegalovirus DNA vaccine: adjuvant effects of aluminum phosphate and CpG oligodeoxynucleotides.
Journal of medical virology 2003;70(1):86-90.
2003: Xinchao Chen; Earl R Kern; John C Drach; Elizabeth Gullen; Yung-Chi Cheng; Jiri Zemlicka
Structure-activity relationships of (S,Z)-2-aminopurine methylenecyclopropane analogues of nucleosides. Variation of purine-6 substituents and activity against herpesviruses and hepatitis B virus.
Journal of medicinal chemistry 2003;46(8):1531-7.
2003: Mary C Long; Deborah J Bidanset; Stephanie L Williams; Nicole L Kushner; Earl R Kern
Determination of antiviral efficacy against lymphotropic herpesviruses utilizing flow cytometry.
Antiviral research 2003;58(2):149-57.
2003: Ruifang Wang; Xinchao Chen; John C Drach; Earl R Kern; Jiri Zemlicka
Synthesis and biological activity of 2-aminopurine methylenecyclopropane analogues of nucleosides.
Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids 2003;22(2):135-44.
2003: Earl R Kern
In vitro activity of potential anti-poxvirus agents.
Antiviral research 2003;57(1-2):35-40.
2002: Ruifang Wang; Thomas H Corbett; Yung-Chi Cheng; John C Drach; Earl R Kern; Hiroaki Mitsuya; Jiri Zemlicka
Tryptophanyl phosphoramidates as prodrugs of synadenol and its E-isomer: synthesis and biological activity.
Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters 2002;12(17):2467-70.
2002: James R Beadle; Caroll B Hartline; Kathy A Aldern; Natalie Rodriguez; Emma A Harden; Earl R Kern; Karl Y Hostetler
Alkoxyalkyl esters of cidofovir and cyclic cidofovir exhibit multiple-log enhancement of antiviral activity against cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus replication in vitro.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2002;46(8):2381-6.
2002: Ruifang Wang; Earl R Kern; Jiri Zemlicka
Synthesis of methylenecyclobutane analogues of nucleosides with axial chirality and their phosphoralaninates: a new pronucleotide effective against Epstein-Barr virus.
Antiviral chemistry & chemotherapy 2002;13(4):251-62.
2002: Earl R Kern; Caroll B Hartline; Emma A Harden; Kathy A Keith; Natalie Rodriguez; James R Beadle; Karl Y Hostetler
Enhanced inhibition of orthopoxvirus replication in vitro by alkoxyalkyl esters of cidofovir and cyclic cidofovir.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2002;46(4):991-5.
2002: Vasanthakumar Rajappan; Stewart W Schneller; Stephanie L Williams; Earl R Kern
The enantiomers of carbocyclic 5'-norguanosine: activity towards Epstein-Barr virus.
Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry 2002;10(4):883-6.
2001: Ruifang Wang; Mohamad Ksebati; Thomas H Corbett; Earl R Kern; John C Drach; Jiri Zemlicka
Methylene-gem-difluorocyclopropane analogues of nucleosides: synthesis, cyclopropene-methylenecyclopropane rearrangement, and biological activity.
Journal of medicinal chemistry 2001;44(23):4019-22.
2001: Deborah J Bidanset; L Placidi; Rachel J Rybak; J Palmer; Jean-Pierre Sommadossi; Earl R Kern
Intravenous infusion of cereport increases uptake and efficacy of acyclovir in herpes simplex virus-infected rat brains.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2001;45(8):2316-23.
2001: Deborah J Bidanset; Rachel J Rybak; Caroll B Hartline; Earl R Kern
Replication of human cytomegalovirus in severe combined immunodeficient mice implanted with human retinal tissue.
The Journal of infectious diseases 2001;184(2):192-5.
2001: Earl R Kern; Rachel J Rybak; Caroll B Hartline; Deborah J Bidanset
Predictive efficacy of SCID-hu mouse models for treatment of human cytomegalovirus infections.
Antiviral chemistry & chemotherapy 2001;12 Suppl 1():149-56.
2001: Karl Y Hostetler; Rachel J Rybak; James R Beadle; Michael F Gardner; Kathy A Aldern; KN Wright; Earl R Kern
In vitro and in vivo activity of 1-O-hexadecylpropanediol-3-phospho-ganciclovir and 1-O-hexadecylpropanediol-3-phospho-penciclovir in cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus infections.
Antiviral chemistry & chemotherapy 2001;12(1):61-70.
2000: H P Guan; Mohamad Ksebati; Earl R Kern; Jiri Zemlicka
Approaches to unsaturated analogues of nucleosides comprising four- and six-membered rings.
The Journal of organic chemistry 2000;65(17):5177-84.
2000: Rachel J Rybak; Caroll B Hartline; YL Qiu; Jiri Zemlicka; Emma A Harden; G Marshall; J P Sommadossi; Earl R Kern
In vitro activities of methylenecyclopropane analogues of nucleosides and their phosphoralaninate prodrugs against cytomegalovirus and other herpesvirus infections.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2000;44(6):1506-11.
2000: YL Qiu; F Geiser; T Kira; Elizabeth Gullen; Yung-Chi Cheng; Roger G Ptak; Julie M Breitenbach; John C Drach; Caroll B Hartline; Earl R Kern; Jiri Zemlicka
Synthesis and enantioselectivity of the antiviral effects of (R,Z)-,(S,Z)-methylenecyclopropane analogues of purine nucleosides and phosphoralaninate prodrugs: influence of heterocyclic base, type of virus and host cells.
Antiviral chemistry & chemotherapy 2000;11(3):191-202.
2000: H P Guan; Mohamad Ksebati; Yung-Chi Cheng; John C Drach; Earl R Kern; Jiri Zemlicka
Spiropentane mimics of nucleosides: analogues of 2'-deoxyadenosine and 2'-deoxyguanosine. Synthesis of all stereoisomers, isomeric assignment, and biological activity.
The Journal of organic chemistry 2000;65(5):1280-90.
2000: Earl R Kern; J Palmer; G Szczech; George R Painter; Karl Y Hostetler
Efficacy of topical acyclovir monophosphate, acyclovir, or penciclovir in orofacial HSV-1 infections of mice and genital HSV-2 infections of guinea pigs.
Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids 2000;19(1-2):501-13.
2000: James R Beadle; GD Kini; Kathy A Aldern; Michael F Gardner; KN Wright; Rachel J Rybak; Earl R Kern; Karl Y Hostetler
Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of 1-O-hexadecylpropanediol-3-P-acyclovir: efficacy against HSV-1 infection in mice.
Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids 2000;19(1-2):471-9.
1999: Rachel J Rybak; Jiri Zemlicka; YL Qiu; Caroll B Hartline; Earl R Kern
Effective treatment of murine cytomegalovirus infections with methylenecyclopropane analogues of nucleosides.
Antiviral research 1999;43(3):175-88.
1999: YL Qiu; Roger G Ptak; Julie M Breitenbach; JS Lin; Yung-Chi Cheng; John C Drach; Earl R Kern; Jiri Zemlicka
Synthesis and antiviral activity of phosphoralaninate derivatives of methylenecyclopropane analogues of nucleosides.
Antiviral research 1999;43(1):37-53.
1999: MI Afouna; SC Mehta; Abdel-Halim Ghanem; William I Higuchi; Earl R Kern; E DeClercq; H H El-Shattawy
Influence of the treatment protocol upon the in vivo efficacy of cidofovir (HPMPC) and of acyclovir (ACV) formulations in topical treatment of cutaneous HSV-1 infection in hairless mice.
Journal of pharmaceutical sciences 1999;88(5):530-4.
1998: MI Afouna; SC Mehta; Abdel-Halim Ghanem; William I Higuchi; Earl R Kern; E De Clercq; H H El-Shattawy
Assessment of correlation between skin target site free drug concentration and the in vivo topical antiviral efficacy in hairless mice for (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine and acyclovir formulations.
Journal of pharmaceutical sciences 1998;87(8):917-21.
1998: YL Qiu; Roger G Ptak; Julie M Breitenbach; JS Lin; Yung-Chi Cheng; Earl R Kern; John C Drach; Jiri Zemlicka
(Z)- and (E)-2-(hydroxymethylcyclopropylidene)-methylpurines and pyrimidines as antiviral agents.
Antiviral chemistry & chemotherapy 1998;9(4):341-52.
1998: F C Spector; Earl R Kern; J Palmer; Ravi Kaiwar; TA Cha; P Brown; Richard Spaete
Evaluation of a live attenuated recombinant virus RAV 9395 as a herpes simplex virus type 2 vaccine in guinea pigs.
The Journal of infectious diseases 1998;177(5):1143-54.
1998: YL Qiu; Mohamad Ksebati; Roger G Ptak; B Y Fan; Julie M Breitenbach; JS Lin; Yung-Chi Cheng; Earl R Kern; John C Drach; Jiri Zemlicka
(Z)- and (E)-2-((hydroxymethyl)cyclopropylidene)methyladenine and -guanine. New nucleoside analogues with a broad-spectrum antiviral activity.
Journal of medicinal chemistry 1998;41(1):10-23.
1997: SC Mehta; MI Afouna; Abdel-Halim Ghanem; William I Higuchi; Earl R Kern
Relationship of skin target site free drug concentration (C*) to the in vivo efficacy: an extensive evaluation of the predictive value of the C* concept using acyclovir as a model drug.
Journal of pharmaceutical sciences 1997;86(7):797-801.
1996: P J Patel; Abdel-Halim Ghanem; William I Higuchi; V Srinivasan; Earl R Kern
Correlation of in vivo topical efficacies with in vitro predictions using acyclovir formulations in the treatment of cutaneous HSV-1 infections in hairless mice: an evaluation of the predictive value of the C* concept.
Antiviral research 1996;29(2-3):279-86.
1996: Earl R Kern
Role of animal models in selecting antiviral combinations for clinical studies.
Antiviral research 1996;29(1):57-9.
1995: S H Krawczyk; M Reza Nassiri; L S Kucera; Earl R Kern; Roger G Ptak; LL Wotring; John C Drach; Leroy B Townsend
Synthesis and antiproliferative and antiviral activity of 2'-deoxy-2'-fluoroarabinofuranosyl analogs of the nucleoside antibiotics toyocamycin and sangivamycin.
Journal of medicinal chemistry 1995;38(20):4106-14.
1995: David W Kimberlin; Earl R Kern; R W Sidwell; T W North; Richard J Whitley
Models of antiviral resistance.
Antiviral research 1995;26(4):415-22.
1994: G Imanidis; W Q Song; P H Lee; M H Su; Earl R Kern; William I Higuchi
Estimation of skin target site acyclovir concentrations following controlled (trans)dermal drug delivery in topical and systemic treatment of cutaneous HSV-1 infections in hairless mice.
Pharmaceutical research 1994;11(7):1035-41.
1993: Richard J Whitley; Earl R Kern; S Chatterjee; J Chou; Bernard Roizman
Replication, establishment of latency, and induced reactivation of herpes simplex virus gamma 1 34.5 deletion mutants in rodent models.
The Journal of clinical investigation 1993;91(6):2837-43.
1992: S Chatterjee; P Burns; Richard J Whitley; Earl R Kern
Effect of (S)-1-[(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonyl methoxy) propyl] cytosine on the replication and morphogenesis of herpes simplex virus type 1.
Antiviral research 1992;19(3):181-92.
1992: P H Lee; M H Su; Earl R Kern; William I Higuchi
Novel animal model for evaluating topical efficacy of antiviral agents: flux versus efficacy correlations in the acyclovir treatment of cutaneous herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infections in hairless mice.
Pharmaceutical research 1992;9(8):979-89.
1992: T E Renau; M Reza Nassiri; E E Swayze; Earl R Kern; Leroy B Townsend; John C Drach
Improved synthesis and biological evaluation of an acyclic thiosangivamycin active against human cytomegalovirus.
Antiviral research 1992;19(1):15-28.
1991: Earl R Kern
Value of animal models to evaluate agents with potential activity against human cytomegalovirus.
Transplantation proceedings 1991;23(3 Suppl 3):152-5, discussion 155.
1991: Y L Shao; Jane Shelby; G Hisatake; Earl R Kern; Edward W Nelson; W A Gay
Accelerated cardiac allograft rejection in murine cytomegalovirus-infected C3H recipients.
Transplantation proceedings 1991;23(1 Pt 1):129-30.
1990: S H Krawczyk; M Bernier-Rodriguez; M Reza Nassiri; Earl R Kern; LL Wotring; John C Drach; Leroy B Townsend
Arabinofuranosylpyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines as potential agents for human cytomegalovirus infections.
Journal of medicinal chemistry 1990;33(12):3160-9.
1990: J S Pudlo; M Reza Nassiri; Earl R Kern; LL Wotring; John C Drach; Leroy B Townsend
Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
Journal of medicinal chemistry 1990;33(7):1984-92.
1989: Jane Shelby; Jeffrey R Saffle; Earl R Kern
Delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) response and skin graft survival in 9-(1, 3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl) guanine (DHPG) treated mice.
Transplantation proceedings 1989;21(1 Pt 1):1150-1.