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Stephen Leonard

Research Profile

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TOP 3
Cody J Peer; Yon Rojanasakul; Islam R Younis; Peter Gannett; Allison J Kenyon; Stephen S Leonard; Valerie C Minarchick; Patrick S Callery
Glutathione conjugation of busulfan produces a hydroxyl radical-trapping dehydroalanine metabolite.
Sudjit Luanpitpong; Ubonthip Nimmannit; Pithi Chanvorachote; Stephen S Leonard; Christian Stehlik; Liying Wang; Yon Rojanasakul
Mitochondrial superoxide mediates doxorubicin-induced keratinocyte apoptosis through oxidative modification of ERK and Bcl-2 ubiquitination.
Jenny R Roberts; Rebecca S Chapman; Vijay R Tirumala; Alamgir Karim; Bean T Chen; Diane Schwegler-Berry; Aleksandr B Stefaniak; Stephen S Leonard; James M Antonini
Toxicological evaluation of lung responses after intratracheal exposure to non-dispersed titanium dioxide nanorods.

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All Publications

2012: Cody J Peer; Yon Rojanasakul; Islam R Younis; Peter Gannett; Allison J Kenyon; Stephen S Leonard; Valerie C Minarchick; Patrick S Callery
Glutathione conjugation of busulfan produces a hydroxyl radical-trapping dehydroalanine metabolite.
Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems 2012;42(12):1170-7.
2012: Sudjit Luanpitpong; Ubonthip Nimmannit; Pithi Chanvorachote; Stephen S Leonard; Christian Stehlik; Liying Wang; Yon Rojanasakul
Mitochondrial superoxide mediates doxorubicin-induced keratinocyte apoptosis through oxidative modification of ERK and Bcl-2 ubiquitination.
Biochemical pharmacology 2012;83(12):1643-54.
2011: Jenny R Roberts; Rebecca S Chapman; Vijay R Tirumala; Alamgir Karim; Bean T Chen; Diane Schwegler-Berry; Aleksandr B Stefaniak; Stephen S Leonard; James M Antonini
Toxicological evaluation of lung responses after intratracheal exposure to non-dispersed titanium dioxide nanorods.
Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A 2011;74(12):790-810.
2010: Zola Msiska; Maricica Pacurari; Anurag Mishra; Stephen S Leonard; Vince Castranova; Val Vallyathan
DNA double-strand breaks by asbestos, silica, and titanium dioxide: possible biomarker of carcinogenic potential?
American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology 2010;43(2):210-9.
2010: Stephen S Leonard; Bean T Chen; Samuel G Stone; Diane Schwegler-Berry; Allison J Kenyon; David Frazer; James M Antonini
Comparison of stainless and mild steel welding fumes in generation of reactive oxygen species.
Particle and fibre toxicology 2010;7():32.
2010: Aleksandr B Stefaniak; Christopher J Harvey; Valerie C Bukowski; Stephen S Leonard
Comparison of free radical generation by pre- and post-sintered cemented carbide particles.
Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene 2010;7(1):23-34.
2009: Beth M Cleveland; Stephen S Leonard; Hillar Klandorf; Kenneth P Blemings
Urate oxidase knockdown decreases oxidative stress in a murine hepatic cell line.
Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity 2009;2(2):93-8.
2009: Ashley R Murray; Elena R Kisin; Stephen S Leonard; Shih-Houng Young; Choudari Kommineni; Valerian E Kagan; Vincent Castranova; Anna A Shvedova
Oxidative stress and inflammatory response in dermal toxicity of single-walled carbon nanotubes.
Toxicology 2009;257(3):161-71.
2009: Maureen R Gwinn; Stephen S Leonard; Linda M Sargent; David T Lowry; Kimberly McKinstry; Terry Meighan; Steve H Reynolds; Michael Kashon; Vince Castranova; Val Vallyathan
The role of p53 in silica-induced cellular and molecular responses associated with carcinogenesis.
Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A 2009;72(23):1509-19.
2008: Maricica Pacurari; Xuejun J Yin; Jinshun Zhao; Ming Ding; Stephen S Leonard; Diane Schwegler-Berry; Barbara S Ducatman; Deborah Sbarra; Mark D Hoover; Vincent Castranova; Val Vallyathan
Raw single-wall carbon nanotubes induce oxidative stress and activate MAPKs, AP-1, NF-kappaB, and Akt in normal and malignant human mesothelial cells.
Environmental health perspectives 2008;116(9):1211-7.
2007: Yong Qian; Jia Luo; Stephen S Leonard; Gabriel K Harris; Lyndell Millecchia; Daniel C Flynn; Xianglin Shi
Hydrogen peroxide formation and actin filament reorganization by Cdc42 are essential for ethanol-induced in vitro angiogenesis.
Nihon Arukōru Yakubutsu Igakkai zasshi = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence 2007;42(6):605-9.
2007: Stephen S Leonard; Vincent Castranova; Bean T Chen; Diane Schwegler-Berry; Mark D Hoover; Chris Piacitelli; Denise M Gaughan
Particle size-dependent radical generation from wildland fire smoke.
Toxicology 2007;236(1-2):103-13.
2007: Zheng Li; Tracy Hulderman; Rebecca Salmen; Rebecca Chapman; Stephen S Leonard; Shih-Houng Young; Anna A Shvedova; Michael I Luster; Petia P Simeonova
Cardiovascular effects of pulmonary exposure to single-wall carbon nanotubes.
Environmental health perspectives 2007;115(3):377-82.
2006: Neelam Azad; Val Vallyathan; Liying Wang; Vimon Tantishaiyakul; Christian Stehlik; Stephen S Leonard; Yon Rojanasakul
S-nitrosylation of Bcl-2 inhibits its ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation. A novel antiapoptotic mechanism that suppresses apoptosis.
The Journal of biological chemistry 2006;281(45):34124-34.
2006: Jacquelyn J Bower; Stephen S Leonard; Fei Chen; Xianglin Shi
As(III) transcriptionally activates the gadd45a gene via the formation of H2O2.
Free radical biology & medicine 2006;41(2):285-94.
2006: Gabriel K Harris; Yong Qian; Stephen S Leonard; Deborah C Sbarra; Xianglin Shi
Luteolin and chrysin differentially inhibit cyclooxygenase-2 expression and scavenge reactive oxygen species but similarly inhibit prostaglandin-E2 formation in RAW 264.7 cells.
The Journal of nutrition 2006;136(6):1517-21.
2006: Stephen S Leonard; Deborah Keil; Tracey Mehlman; Steven Proper; Xianglin Shi; Gabriel K Harris
Essiac tea: scavenging of reactive oxygen species and effects on DNA damage.
Journal of ethnopharmacology 2006;103(2):288-96.
2005: James M Antonini; Stephen S Leonard; Jenny R Roberts; Claudia Solano-Lopez; Shih-Houng Young; Xianglin Shi; Michael D Taylor
Effect of stainless steel manual metal arc welding fume on free radical production, DNA damage, and apoptosis induction.
Molecular and cellular biochemistry 2005;279(1-2):17-23.
2005: Jacquelyn J Bower; Stephen S Leonard; Xianglin Shi
Conference overview: molecular mechanisms of metal toxicity and carcinogenesis.
Molecular and cellular biochemistry 2005;279(1-2):3-15.
2005: Beth Stinefelt; Stephen S Leonard; Kenneth P Blemings; Xianglin Shi; Hillar Klandorf
Free radical scavenging, DNA protection, and inhibition of lipid peroxidation mediated by uric acid.
Annals of clinical and laboratory science 2005;35(1):37-45.
2004: Stephen S Leonard; Gabriel K Harris; Xianglin Shi
Metal-induced oxidative stress and signal transduction.
Free radical biology & medicine 2004;37(12):1921-42.
2004: Yudong Wang; Jing Fang; Stephen S Leonard; K Murali Krishna Rao
Cadmium inhibits the electron transfer chain and induces reactive oxygen species.
Free radical biology & medicine 2004;36(11):1434-43.
2004: James M Antonini; Michael D Taylor; Stephen S Leonard; Nicholas J Lawryk; Xianglin Shi; Robert W Clarke; Jenny R Roberts
Metal composition and solubility determine lung toxicity induced by residual oil fly ash collected from different sites within a power plant.
Molecular and cellular biochemistry 2004;255(1-2):257-65.
2004: Stephen S Leonard; Jenny R Roberts; James M Antonini; Vincent Castranova; Xianglin Shi
PbCrO4 mediates cellular responses via reactive oxygen species.
Molecular and cellular biochemistry 2004;255(1-2):171-9.
2004: Suwei Wang; Stephen S Leonard; Jianping Ye; Ning Gao; Liying Wang; Xianglin Shi
Role of reactive oxygen species and Cr(VI) in Ras-mediated signal transduction.
Molecular and cellular biochemistry 2004;255(1-2):119-27.
2004: Ning Gao; Liqin Shen; Zhuo Zhang; Stephen S Leonard; Hengjun He; Xue-Guang Zhang; Xianglin Shi; Bing-Hua Jiang
Arsenite induces HIF-1alpha and VEGF through PI3K, Akt and reactive oxygen species in DU145 human prostate carcinoma cells.
Molecular and cellular biochemistry 2004;255(1-2):33-45.
2004: Stephen S Leonard; Jacquelyn J Bower; Xianglin Shi
Metal-induced toxicity, carcinogenesis, mechanisms and cellular responses.
Molecular and cellular biochemistry 2004;255(1-2):3-10.
2003: Stephen S Leonard; Chang Xia; Bing-Hua Jiang; Beth Stinefelt; Hillar Klandorf; Gabriel K Harris; Xianglin Shi
Resveratrol scavenges reactive oxygen species and effects radical-induced cellular responses.
Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2003;309(4):1017-26.
2003: Michael D Taylor; Jenny R Roberts; Stephen S Leonard; Xianglin Shi; James M Antonini
Effects of welding fumes of differing composition and solubility on free radical production and acute lung injury and inflammation in rats.
Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology 2003;75(1):181-91.
2003: Cuiling Ma; Hong Lin; Stephen S Leonard; Xianglin Shi; Jianping Ye; Jia Luo
Overexpression of ErbB2 enhances ethanol-stimulated intracellular signaling and invasion of human mammary epithelial and breast cancer cells in vitro.
Oncogene 2003;22(34):5281-90.
2003: Zhuo Zhang; Stephen S Leonard; Chuanshu Huang; Val Vallyathan; Vincent Castranova; Xianglin Shi
Role of reactive oxygen species and MAPKs in vanadate-induced G(2)/M phase arrest.
Free radical biology & medicine 2003;34(10):1333-42.
2003: Yong Qian; Jia Luo; Stephen S Leonard; Gabriel K Harris; Lyndell Millecchia; Daniel C Flynn; Xianglin Shi
Hydrogen peroxide formation and actin filament reorganization by Cdc42 are essential for ethanol-induced in vitro angiogenesis.
The Journal of biological chemistry 2003;278(18):16189-97.
2003: Michael D Taylor; James M Antonini; Jenny R Roberts; Stephen S Leonard; Xianglin Shi; Peter Gannett; Ann F Hubbs; Mark J Reasor
Intratracheal amiodarone administration to F344 rats directly damages lung airway and parenchymal cells.
Toxicology and applied pharmacology 2003;188(2):92-103.
2003: Jia Luo; Yanbo Sun; Hong Lin; Yong Qian; Zheng Li; Stephen S Leonard; Chuanshu Huang; Xianglin Shi
Activation of JNK by vanadate induces a Fas-associated death domain (FADD)-dependent death of cerebellar granule progenitors in vitro.
The Journal of biological chemistry 2003;278(7):4542-51.
2003: Anthony B Lewis; Michael D Taylor; Jenny R Roberts; Stephen S Leonard; Xianglin Shi; James M Antonini
Role of metal-induced reactive oxygen species generation in lung responses caused by residual oil fly ash.
Journal of biosciences 2003;28(1):13-8.
2002: Ning Gao; Bing-Hua Jiang; Stephen S Leonard; Linda Corum; Zhuo Zhang; Jenny R Roberts; Jim Antonini; Jenny Z Zheng; Daniel C Flynn; Vincent Castranova; Xianglin Shi
p38 Signaling-mediated hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha and vascular endothelial growth factor induction by Cr(VI) in DU145 human prostate carcinoma cells.
The Journal of biological chemistry 2002;277(47):45041-8.
2002: Chuanshu Huang; Jingxia Li; Qingdong Ke; Stephen S Leonard; Bing-Hua Jiang; Xiao-Song Zhong; Max Costa; Vincent Castranova; Xianglin Shi
Ultraviolet-induced phosphorylation of p70(S6K) at Thr(389) and Thr(421)/Ser(424) involves hydrogen peroxide and mammalian target of rapamycin but not Akt and atypical protein kinase C.
Cancer research 2002;62(20):5689-97.
2002: Ning Gao; Min Ding; Jenny Z Zheng; Zhuo Zhang; Stephen S Leonard; Ke Jian Liu; Xianglin Shi; Bing-Hua Jiang
Vanadate-induced expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha and vascular endothelial growth factor through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway and reactive oxygen species.
The Journal of biological chemistry 2002;277(35):31963-71.
2002: Dale W Porter; Mark W Barger; Victor A Robinson; Stephen S Leonard; Douglas Landsittel; Vincent Castranova
Comparison of low doses of aged and freshly fractured silica on pulmonary inflammation and damage in the rat.
Toxicology 2002;175(1-3):63-71.
2002: Min Ding; Jingxia Li; Stephen S Leonard; Xianglin Shi; Max Costa; Vincent Castranova; Val Vallyathan; Chuanshu Huang
Differential role of hydrogen peroxide in UV-induced signal transduction.
Molecular and cellular biochemistry 2002;234-235(1-2):81-90.
2002: Stephen S Leonard; Kristina Mowrey; Donna Pack; Xianglin Shi; Vincent Castranova; Periannan Kuppusamy; Val Vallyathan
In vivo bioassays of acute asbestosis and its correlation with ESR spectroscopy and imaging in redox status.
Molecular and cellular biochemistry 2002;234-235(1-2):369-77.
2002: Stephen S Leonard; Val Vallyathan; Vincent Castranova; Xianglin Shi
Generation of reactive oxygen species in the enzymatic reduction of PbCrO4 and related DNA damage.
Molecular and cellular biochemistry 2002;234-235(1-2):309-15.
2002: Fei Chen; Zhuo Zhang; Jacquelyn Bower; Yongju Lu; Stephen S Leonard; Min Ding; Vincent Castranova; Helen Piwnica-Worms; Xianglin Shi
Arsenite-induced Cdc25C degradation is through the KEN-box and ubiquitin-proteasome pathway.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2002;99(4):1990-5.
2002: Fei Chen; Jacquelyn Bower; Stephen S Leonard; Min Ding; Yongju Lu; Yon Rojanasakul; Hsiang-Fu Kung; Val Vallyathan; Vincent Castranova; Xianglin Shi
Protective roles of NF-kappa B for chromium(VI)-induced cytotoxicity is revealed by expression of Ikappa B kinase-beta mutant.
The Journal of biological chemistry 2002;277(5):3342-9.
2002: Stephen S Leonard; Deborah Cutler; Min Ding; Val Vallyathan; Vincent Castranova; Xianglin Shi
Antioxidant properties of fruit and vegetable juices: more to the story than ascorbic acid.
Annals of clinical and laboratory science 2002;32(2):193-200.
2001: Chuanshu Huang; Jingxia Li; Max Costa; Z Zhang; Stephen S Leonard; Vincent Castranova; Val Vallyathan; G Ju; Xianglin Shi
Hydrogen peroxide mediates activation of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) by nickel subsulfide.
Cancer research 2001;61(22):8051-7.
2001: Chuanshu Huang; Jingxia Li; Min Ding; Stephen S Leonard; Liying Wang; Vincent Castranova; Val Vallyathan; Xianglin Shi
UV Induces phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt) at Ser-473 and Thr-308 in mouse epidermal Cl 41 cells through hydrogen peroxide.
The Journal of biological chemistry 2001;276(43):40234-40.
2001: Zhuo Zhang; Chuanshu Huang; Jinxia Li; Stephen S Leonard; R Lanciotti; Leon F Butterworth; Xianglin Shi
Vanadate-induced cell growth regulation and the role of reactive oxygen species.
Archives of biochemistry and biophysics 2001;392(2):311-20.
2001: Chuanshu Huang; Min Ding; Jingxia Li; Stephen S Leonard; Yon Rojanasakul; Vincent Castranova; Val Vallyathan; G Ju; Xianglin Shi
Vanadium-induced nuclear factor of activated T cells activation through hydrogen peroxide.
The Journal of biological chemistry 2001;276(25):22397-403.
2001: K Liu; J Husler; J Ye; Stephen S Leonard; Deborah Cutler; F Chen; Suwei Wang; Z Zhang; Min Ding; L Wang; Xianglin Shi
On the mechanism of Cr (VI)-induced carcinogenesis: dose dependence of uptake and cellular responses.
Molecular and cellular biochemistry 2001;222(1-2):221-9.
2001: Y Qian; Bing-Hua Jiang; Daniel C Flynn; Stephen S Leonard; S Wang; Z Zhang; J Ye; F Chen; L Wang; X Shi
Cr (VI) increases tyrosine phosphorylation through reactive oxygen species-mediated reactions.
Molecular and cellular biochemistry 2001;222(1-2):199-204.
2000: Chuanshu Huang; Zhuo Zhang; Min Ding; Jinxia Li; J Ye; Stephen S Leonard; Han-Ming Shen; Leon F Butterworth; Yongju Lu; M Costa; Yon Rojanasakul; Vincent Castranova; Val Vallyathan; Xianglin Shi
Vanadate induces p53 transactivation through hydrogen peroxide and causes apoptosis.
The Journal of biological chemistry 2000;275(42):32516-22.
2000: Stephen S Leonard; Suwei Wang; Xianglin Shi; Bryan Jordan; Vincent Castranova; Michael A Dubick
Wood smoke particles generate free radicals and cause lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, NFkappaB activation and TNF-alpha release in macrophages.
Toxicology 2000;150(1-3):147-57.
2000: Suwei Wang; Stephen S Leonard; Jianping Ye; Min Ding; Xianglin Shi
The role of hydroxyl radical as a messenger in Cr(VI)-induced p53 activation.
American journal of physiology. Cell physiology 2000;279(3):C868-75.
2000: Xianglin Shi; Stephen S Leonard; Suwei Wang; Min Ding
Antioxidant properties of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate and its protection against Cr(VI)-induced DNA strand breakage.
Annals of clinical and laboratory science 2000;30(2):209-16.
2000: Xianglin Shi; J Ye; Stephen S Leonard; M Ding; Val Vallyathan; Vincent Castranova; Yon Rojanasakul; Z Dong
Antioxidant properties of (-)-epicatechin-3-gallate and its inhibition of Cr(VI)-induced DNA damage and Cr(IV)- or TPA-stimulated NF-kappaB activation.
Molecular and cellular biochemistry 2000;206(1-2):125-32.
1999: J Ye; S Wang; Stephen S Leonard; Y Sun; Leon F Butterworth; James M Antonini; Min Ding; Yon Rojanasakul; Val Vallyathan; Vincent Castranova; Xianglin Shi
Role of reactive oxygen species and p53 in chromium(VI)-induced apoptosis.
The Journal of biological chemistry 1999;274(49):34974-80.
1999: Jianping Ye; Min Ding; Stephen S Leonard; Victor A Robinson; Lyndell Millecchia; X Zhang; Vincent Castranova; Val Vallyathan; Xianglin Shi
Vanadate induces apoptosis in epidermal JB6 P+ cells via hydrogen peroxide-mediated reactions.
Molecular and cellular biochemistry 1999;202(1-2):9-17.
1999: Xianglin Shi; Min Ding; Z Dong; Fei Chen; Jianping Ye; Suwei Wang; Stephen S Leonard; Vincent Castranova; Val Vallyathan
Antioxidant properties of aspirin: characterization of the ability of aspirin to inhibit silica-induced lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, NF-kappaB activation, and TNF-alpha production.
Molecular and cellular biochemistry 1999;199(1-2):93-102.
1999: Suwei Wang; Stephen S Leonard; Vincent Castranova; Val Vallyathan; Xianglin Shi
The role of superoxide radical in TNF-alpha induced NF-kappaB activation.
Annals of clinical and laboratory science 1999;29(3):192-9.
1999: Xianglin Shi; M Ding; J Ye; S Wang; Stephen S Leonard; L Zang; Vincent Castranova; Val Vallyathan; A Chiu; N Dalal; K Liu
Cr(IV) causes activation of nuclear transcription factor-kappa B, DNA strand breaks and dG hydroxylation via free radical reactions.
Journal of inorganic biochemistry 1999;75(1):37-44.
1999: Xianglin Shi; Z Dong; Chuanshu Huang; W Ma; K Liu; Jianping Ye; Fei Chen; Stephen S Leonard; Min Ding; Vincent Castranova; Val Vallyathan
The role of hydroxyl radical as a messenger in the activation of nuclear transcription factor NF-kappaB.
Molecular and cellular biochemistry 1999;194(1-2):63-70.
1999: Min Ding; Jian Jian Li; Stephen S Leonard; J P Ye; Xianglin Shi; N H Colburn; Vincent Castranova; Val Vallyathan
Vanadate-induced activation of activator protein-1: role of reactive oxygen species.
Carcinogenesis 1999;20(4):663-8.
1997: Xianglin Shi; Daniel C Flynn; Dale W Porter; Stephen S Leonard; Val Vallyathan; Vincent Castranova
Efficacy of taurine based compounds as hydroxyl radical scavengers in silica induced peroxidation.
Annals of clinical and laboratory science 1997;27(5):365-74.
1995: Xianglin Shi; Y Mao; U Saffiotti; L Wang; Yon Rojanasakul; Stephen S Leonard; Val Vallyathan
Antioxidant activity of tetrandrine and its inhibition of quartz-induced lipid peroxidation.
Journal of toxicology and environmental health 1995;46(2):233-48.